2 Samuel 20:12 שְׁמוּאֵל ב

Who acts: Amasa, man, people, one · What happens: lie, wallow, see, stand, carry, cast · To what, where: blood, Amasa, highway, garment · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 2 Samuel 20:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Amasa, man, people, one — and what happens in the verse to blood, Amasa, highway, garment, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַעֲמָשָׂ֛א מִתְגֹּלֵ֥ל בַּדָּ֖ם בְּת֣וֹךְ הַֽמְסִּלָּ֑הוַיַּ֨רְא הָאִ֜ישׁ כִּֽי־עָמַ֣ד כָּל־הָעָ֗ם וַיַּסֵּב֩ אֶת־עֲמָשָׂ֨א מִן־הַֽמְסִלָּ֤ה הַשָּׂדֶה֙ וַיַּשְׁלֵ֤ךְ עָלָיו֙ בֶּ֔גֶד כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר רָאָ֔ה כָּל־הַבָּ֥א עָלָ֖יו וְעָמָֽד׃

And Amasa lay wallowing in his blood in the midst of the highway. And when the man saw that all the people stood still, he carried Amasa out of the highway into the field, and cast a garment over him, when he saw that every one that came by him stood still.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

Pragmatics

form

statement

act

assert

voice

character

speech

inside a quote begun earlier

negation

no

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַעֲמָשָׂא מִטְרַף בִּדְמָא בְּגוֹ כַבְשָׁא וַחֲזָא גַבְרָא אֲרֵי קָם כָּל עַמָא וְאַסְחַר יַת עֲמָשָׂא מִן כַּבְשָׁא לְחַקְלָא וּרְמָא עֲלוֹהִי לְבוּשָׁא כַּד חֲזָא כָּל דַאֲתֵי עֲלוֹהִי וְקָאִים:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

1. And Amasa lay wallowing in his blood in the midst of the highway.
2. And when the man saw that all the people stood still, he carried Amasa out of the highway into the field, and cast a garment over him, when he saw that every one that came by him stood still.

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