2 Samuel 20:13 שְׁמוּאֵל ב

Who acts: people · What happens: remove, go on, pursue · To what, where: Amasa, highway

This is 2 Samuel 20:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — people — and what happens in the verse to Amasa, highway, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר הֹגָ֖ה מִן־הַֽמְסִלָּ֑ה עָבַ֤ר כָּל־אִישׁ֙ אַחֲרֵ֣י יוֹאָ֔ב לִרְדֹּ֕ף אַחֲרֵ֖י שֶׁ֥בַע בֶּן־בִּכְרִֽי׃

When he was removed out of the highway, all the people went on after Joab, to pursue after Sheba the son of Bichri.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	כַּ	כְּ	ADP	_	7 עָבַ֤ר	obl	when
2	אֲשֶׁ֥ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	3 הֹגָ֖ה	mark
3	הֹגָ֖ה	יָגָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	1 כַּ	acl:relcl	he had removed [him]
4	מִן־	מִן	ADP	_	6 מְסִלָּ֑ה	case	from
5	הַֽ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	6 מְסִלָּ֑ה	det	the
6	מְסִלָּ֑ה	מְסִלָּה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	3 הֹגָ֖ה	obl	highway
7	עָבַ֤ר	עָבַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he passed on
8	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 עָבַ֤ר	nsubj	every
9	אִישׁ֙	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 כָּל־	compound:smixut	person
10	אַחֲרֵ֣י	אַחַר	ADP	_	11 יוֹאָ֔ב	case	after
11	יוֹאָ֔ב	יוֹאָב	PROPN	_	7 עָבַ֤ר	obl	Joab
12	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	13 רְדֹּ֕ף	case	to
13	רְדֹּ֕ף	רָדַף	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	7 עָבַ֤ר	advcl	pursue
14	אַחֲרֵ֖י	אַחַר	ADP	_	15 שֶׁ֥בַע	case	after
15	שֶׁ֥בַע	שֶׁבַע	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	13 רְדֹּ֕ף	obl	Sheba
16	בֶּן־	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 שֶׁ֥בַע	appos	the son
17	בִּכְרִֽי	בִּכְרִי	PROPN	_	16 בֶּן־	compound:smixut	of Bicri
18	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	17 בִּכְרִֽי	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
הֹגָה he had removed [him]	qatal · hiphil
עָבַר he passed on	qatal · qal	אִישׁ person
רְדֹּף pursue	infinitive construct · qal	אִישׁ person

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

כַּד אַפְנֵיהּ מִן כַּבְשָׁא עֲבַר כָּל גַבְרָא בָּתַר יוֹאָב לְמִרְדַף בָּתַר שֶׁבַע בַּר בִּכְרִי:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

When he was removed out of the highway, all the people went on after Joab, to pursue after Sheba the son of Bichri.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2SA:544.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.20.13/