2 Samuel 22:16 שְׁמוּאֵל ב
Who acts: channels, rebuke · What happens: appear, lay, channel, rebuke, blast · To what, where: foundations, blast, sea, LORD, breath
This is 2 Samuel 22:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — channels, rebuke — and what happens in the verse to foundations, blast, sea, LORD, breath, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
וַיֵּֽרָאוּ֙ אֲפִ֣קֵי יָ֔ם יִגָּל֖וּ מֹסְד֣וֹת תֵּבֵ֑ל בְּגַעֲרַ֣ת יְהוָ֔ה מִנִּשְׁמַ֖ת ר֥וּחַ אַפּֽוֹ׃
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | וַ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 2 יֵּֽרָאוּ֙ | cc | and |
| 2 | יֵּֽרָאוּ֙ | רָאָה | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Plur Person=3 | root | root | they appeared |
| 3 | אֲפִ֣קֵי | אָפִיק | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 2 יֵּֽרָאוּ֙ | nsubj | [the] channels |
| 4 | יָ֔ם | יָם | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 3 אֲפִ֣קֵי | compound:smixut | of [the] sea |
| 5 | יִגָּל֖וּ | גָּלָה | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Plur Person=3 | 2 יֵּֽרָאוּ֙ | parataxis | they were uncovered |
| 6 | מֹסְד֣וֹת | מוֹסָדָה | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 יִגָּל֖וּ | nsubj | the foundations |
| 7 | תֵּבֵ֑ל | תֵּבֵל | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 6 מֹסְד֣וֹת | compound:smixut | of [the] world |
| 8 | בְּ | בְּ | ADP | _ | 9 גַעֲרַ֣ת | case | at |
| 9 | גַעֲרַ֣ת | גְּעָרָה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 5 יִגָּל֖וּ | obl | the rebuke |
| 10 | יְהוָ֔ה | יהוה | PROPN | _ | 9 גַעֲרַ֣ת | compound:smixut | of Yahweh |
| 11 | מִ | מִן | ADP | _ | 12 נִּשְׁמַ֖ת | case | from |
| 12 | נִּשְׁמַ֖ת | נְשָׁמָה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 5 יִגָּל֖וּ | obl | the breathing |
| 13 | ר֥וּחַ | רוּחַ | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 נִּשְׁמַ֖ת | compound:smixut | of the breath |
| 14 | אַפּ | אַף | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 13 ר֥וּחַ | compound:smixut | his nose |
| 15 | ֽוֹ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 אַפּ | nmod:poss | his |
| 16 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 15 ֽוֹ | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- speech
- narration
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| יֵּֽרָאוּ they appeared | wayyiqtol · niphal | אֲפִקֵי [the] channels | |||
| יִגָּלוּ they were uncovered | yiqtol · niphal | מֹסְדוֹת the foundations |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
וְאִתְחַזִיאוּ עוּמְקֵי יַמָא אִתְגְלִיאוּ שַׁכְלוּלֵי תֵבֵל בִּמְזוֹפִיתָא מִן קֳדָם יְיָ מִמֵימַר תְּקוֹף רוּגְזֵיהּ:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:2SA:595.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.22.16/