2 Samuel 23:3 שְׁמוּאֵל ב
Who acts: God, Rock, Ruler · What happens: say, speak, be, rule, fear · To what, where: me, righteous, fear, God · Speech: someone speaks in this verse
This is 2 Samuel 23:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — God, Rock, Ruler — and what happens in the verse to me, righteous, fear, God, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
אָמַר֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לִ֥י דִבֶּ֖ר צ֣וּר יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל מוֹשֵׁל֙ בָּאָדָ֔ם צַדִּ֕יק מוֹשֵׁ֖ל יִרְאַ֥ת אֱלֹהִֽים׃
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | אָמַר֙ | אָמַר | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | root | root | he said |
| 2 | אֱלֹהֵ֣י | אֱלֹהִים | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 1 אָמַר֙ | nsubj | the God |
| 3 | יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל | יִשְׂרָאֵל | PROPN | _ | 2 אֱלֹהֵ֣י | compound:smixut | of Israel |
| 4 | ל | לְ | ADP | _ | 5 ִ֥י | case | to |
| 5 | ִ֥י | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 6 דִבֶּ֖ר | obl | me |
| 6 | דִבֶּ֖ר | דָבַר | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3 | 1 אָמַר֙ | ccomp | he spoke |
| 7 | צ֣וּר | צוּר | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 6 דִבֶּ֖ר | nsubj | the rock |
| 8 | יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל | יִשְׂרָאֵל | PROPN | _ | 7 צ֣וּר | compound:smixut | of Israel |
| 9 | מוֹשֵׁל֙ | מָשַׁל | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing | 6 דִבֶּ֖ר | ccomp | [one who] rules |
| 10 | בָּ | בְּ | ADP | _ | 12 אָדָ֔ם | case | over |
| 11 | ה | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 12 אָדָ֔ם | det | (the) |
| 12 | אָדָ֔ם | אָדָם | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 9 מוֹשֵׁל֙ | obl | humankind |
| 13 | צַדִּ֕יק | צַדִּיק | ADJ | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 9 מוֹשֵׁל֙ | advmod | righteous |
| 14 | מוֹשֵׁ֖ל | מָשַׁל | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing | 9 מוֹשֵׁל֙ | appos | [one who] rules |
| 15 | יִרְאַ֥ת | יִרְאָה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 14 מוֹשֵׁ֖ל | obl | the fear |
| 16 | אֱלֹהִֽים | אֱלֹהִים | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 15 יִרְאַ֥ת | compound:smixut | of God |
| 17 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 16 אֱלֹהִֽים | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- a frame and its quote
- negation
- no
- the frame alone
- decl · assert · none
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| אָמַר he said | qatal · qal | אֱלֹהֵי the God | |||
| דִבֶּר he spoke | qatal · piel | צוּר the rock |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
אֲמַר דָוִד אֱלָהָא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל עֲלַי מַלֵיל תַּקִיפָא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל דְשַׁלִיט בִּבְנֵי אֱנָשָׁא קוּשְׁטָא דָאִין אֲמַר לְמַנָאָה לִי מַלְכָּא דְהוּא מְשִׁיחָא דַעֲתִיד דִיקוּם וְיִשְׁלוֹט בִּדְחַלְתָּא דַיָי:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:2SA:633.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.23.3/