2 Samuel 3:6 שְׁמוּאֵל ב

Who acts: born, war, Abner · What happens: come, pass, be, show · To what, where: David

This is 2 Samuel 3:6 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — born, war, Abner — and what happens in the verse to David, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיְהִ֗י בִּֽהְיוֹת֙ הַמִּלְחָמָ֔ה בֵּ֚ין בֵּ֣ית שָׁא֔וּל וּבֵ֖ין בֵּ֣ית דָּוִ֑ד וְאַבְנֵ֛ר הָיָ֥ה מִתְחַזֵּ֖ק בְּבֵ֥ית שָׁאֽוּל׃

And it came to pass, while there was war between the house of Saul and the house of David, that Abner showed himself strong in the house of Saul.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יְהִ֗י	cc	and
2	יְהִ֗י	הָיָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it was
3	בִּֽ	בְּ	ADP	_	8 בֵּ֣ית	case	when
4	הְיוֹת֙	הָיָה	AUX	HebBinyan=QAL	8 בֵּ֣ית	cop	was
5	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	6 מִּלְחָמָ֔ה	det	(the)
6	מִּלְחָמָ֔ה	מִלְחָמָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	8 בֵּ֣ית	nsubj	war
7	בֵּ֚ין	בֵּין	ADP	_	8 בֵּ֣ית	case	between
8	בֵּ֣ית	בַּיִת	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יְהִ֗י	obl	the house
9	שָׁא֔וּל	שָׁאוּל	PROPN	_	8 בֵּ֣ית	compound:smixut	of Saul
10	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	12 בֵּ֣ית	cc	and
11	בֵ֖ין	בֵּין	ADP	_	12 בֵּ֣ית	case	between
12	בֵּ֣ית	בַּיִת	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 בֵּ֣ית	conj	the house
13	דָּוִ֑ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	12 בֵּ֣ית	compound:smixut	of David
14	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	17 מִתְחַזֵּ֖ק	cc	and
15	אַבְנֵ֛ר	אַבְנֵר	PROPN	_	17 מִתְחַזֵּ֖ק	nsubj	Abner
16	הָיָ֥ה	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	17 מִתְחַזֵּ֖ק	cop	he was
17	מִתְחַזֵּ֖ק	חָזַק	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HITHPAEL Number=Sing	2 יְהִ֗י	conj	strengthening himself
18	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	19 בֵ֥ית	case	in
19	בֵ֥ית	בַּיִת	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	17 מִתְחַזֵּ֖ק	obl	the house
20	שָׁאֽוּל	שָׁאוּל	PROPN	_	19 בֵ֥ית	compound:smixut	of Saul
21	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	20 שָׁאֽוּל	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
הְיוֹת was	infinitive construct · qal	מִּלְחָמָה war
הָיָה he was	qatal · qal	אַבְנֵר Abner
מִתְחַזֵּק strengthening himself	participle active · hithpael	אַבְנֵר Abner

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַהֲוָה כַּד הֲוָת קְרָבָא בֵּין בֵּית שָׁאוּל וּבֵין בֵּית דָוִד וְאַבְנֵר הֲוָה מַתְקֵף בְּבֵית שָׁאוּל:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And it came to pass, while there was war between the house of Saul and the house of David, that Abner showed himself strong in the house of Saul.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2SA:64.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.3.6/