2 Samuel 5:23 שְׁמוּאֵל ב

Who acts: David, Thou · What happens: inquire, say, not go up, make, come over · To what, where: circuit · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 2 Samuel 5:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David, Thou — and what happens in the verse to circuit, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיִּשְׁאַ֤ל דָּוִד֙ בַּֽיהוָ֔ה וַיֹּ֖אמֶר לֹ֣א תַעֲלֶ֑ה הָסֵב֙ אֶל־אַ֣חֲרֵיהֶ֔ם וּבָ֥אתָ לָהֶ֖ם מִמּ֥וּל בְּכָאִֽים׃

And when David inquired of the LORD, He said: 'Thou shalt not go up; make a circuit behind them, and come upon them over against the mulberry-trees.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִּשְׁאַ֤ל	cc	and
2	יִּשְׁאַ֤ל	שָׁאַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he enquired
3	דָּוִד֙	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	2 יִּשְׁאַ֤ל	nsubj	David
4	בַּֽ	בְּ	ADP	_	5 יהוָ֔ה	case	by
5	יהוָ֔ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	2 יִּשְׁאַ֤ל	obl	Yahweh
6	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	7 יֹּ֖אמֶר	cc	and
7	יֹּ֖אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִּשְׁאַ֤ל	conj	he said
8	לֹ֣א	לֹא	ADV	_	9 תַעֲלֶ֑ה	advmod	not
9	תַעֲלֶ֑ה	עָלָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	7 יֹּ֖אמֶר	ccomp	you must go up
10	הָסֵב֙	סָבַב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=2	9 תַעֲלֶ֑ה	parataxis	go around
11	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	13 הֶ֔ם	case	to
12	אַ֣חֲרֵי	אַחַר	ADP	_	13 הֶ֔ם	case	behind
13	הֶ֔ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 הָסֵב֙	obl	them
14	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	15 בָ֥אתָ	cc	and
15	בָ֥אתָ	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	9 תַעֲלֶ֑ה	conj	you will come
16	ל	לְ	ADP	_	17 ָהֶ֖ם	case	to
17	ָהֶ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 בָ֥אתָ	obl	them
18	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	20 בְּכָאִֽים	case	from
19	מּ֥וּל	מוּל	ADP	_	20 בְּכָאִֽים	case	in front of
20	בְּכָאִֽים	בָּכָא	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	15 בָ֥אתָ	obl	[the] balsam trees
21	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	20 בְּכָאִֽים	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: request
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
indirect: yes
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
יִּשְׁאַל he enquired	wayyiqtol · qal	דָּוִד David
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	יהוָה Yahweh
not תַעֲלֶה you must go up	yiqtol · qal	דָּוִד David
הָסֵב go around	imperative · hiphil	דָּוִד David
בָאתָ you will come	weqatal · qal	דָּוִד David

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וּשְׁאֵיל דָוִד בְּמֵימְרָא דַייָ וַאֲמַר לָא תֵיסַק אִסְתַּחֵר לַאֲחוֹרֵיהוֹן וּתְהַךְ לְהוֹן מִקָבֵיל אִילָנַיָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And when David inquired of the LORD, He said: 'Thou shalt not go up; make a circuit behind them, and come upon them over against the mulberry-trees.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2SA:132.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.5.23/