2 Samuel 8:14 שְׁמוּאֵל ב

Who acts: David, Edomites, LORD · What happens: put, become, give, go · To what, where: garrisons, Edom, servants, victory, David

This is 2 Samuel 8:14 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David, Edomites, LORD — and what happens in the verse to garrisons, Edom, servants, victory, David, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיָּ֨שֶׂם בֶּאֱד֜וֹם נְצִבִ֗ים בְּכָל־אֱדוֹם֙ שָׂ֣ם נְצִבִ֔ים וַיְהִ֥י כָל־אֱד֖וֹם עֲבָדִ֣ים לְדָוִ֑ד וַיּ֤וֹשַׁע יְהוָה֙ אֶת־דָּוִ֔ד בְּכֹ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר הָלָֽךְ׃

And he put garrisons in Edom; throughout all Edom put he garrisons, and all the Edomites became servants to David. And the LORD gave victory to David whithersoever he went.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יָּ֨שֶׂם	cc	and
2	יָּ֨שֶׂם	שׂים	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he put
3	בֶּ	בְּ	ADP	_	4 אֱד֜וֹם	case	in
4	אֱד֜וֹם	אֱדוֹם	PROPN	_	2 יָּ֨שֶׂם	obl	Edom
5	נְצִבִ֗ים	נְצִיב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 יָּ֨שֶׂם	obj	garrisons
6	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	7 כָל־	case	in
7	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	9 שָׂ֣ם	obl	all
8	אֱדוֹם֙	אֱדוֹם	PROPN	_	7 כָל־	compound:smixut	Edom
9	שָׂ֣ם	שׂים	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יָּ֨שֶׂם	parataxis	he put
10	נְצִבִ֔ים	נְצִיב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	9 שָׂ֣ם	obj	garrisons
11	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	15 עֲבָדִ֣ים	cc	and
12	יְהִ֥י	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	15 עֲבָדִ֣ים	cop	it became
13	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 עֲבָדִ֣ים	nsubj	all
14	אֱד֖וֹם	אֱדוֹם	PROPN	_	13 כָל־	compound:smixut	Edom
15	עֲבָדִ֣ים	עֶבֶד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 יָּ֨שֶׂם	conj	subjects
16	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	17 דָוִ֑ד	case	of
17	דָוִ֑ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	15 עֲבָדִ֣ים	obl	David
18	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	19 יּ֤וֹשַׁע	cc	and
19	יּ֤וֹשַׁע	יָשַׁע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יָּ֨שֶׂם	conj	he gave victory
20	יְהוָה֙	יהוה	PROPN	_	19 יּ֤וֹשַׁע	nsubj	Yahweh
21	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	22 דָּוִ֔ד	case	(et)
22	דָּוִ֔ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	19 יּ֤וֹשַׁע	obj	David
23	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	24 כֹ֖ל	case	in
24	כֹ֖ל	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	19 יּ֤וֹשַׁע	obl	every
25	אֲשֶׁ֥ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	26 הָלָֽךְ	mark	where
26	הָלָֽךְ	הָלַךְ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	24 כֹ֖ל	acl:relcl	he went
27	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	26 הָלָֽךְ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
יָּשֶׂם he put	wayyiqtol · qal		נְצִבִים garrisons
שָׂם he put	qatal · qal		נְצִבִים garrisons
יְהִי it became	wayyiqtol · qal	אֱדוֹם Edom
יּוֹשַׁע he gave victory	wayyiqtol · hiphil	דָּוִד David		יְהוָה Yahweh
הָלָֽךְ he went	qatal · qal	דָּוִד David

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וּמַנֵי בֶאֱדוֹם אִסְטַרְטִיגִין בְּכָל אֱדוֹם מַנֵי אִסְטַרְטִיגִין וַהֲווֹ כָל אֱדוֹם עַבְדִין לְדָוִד וּפְרַק יְיָ יַת דָוִד בְכָל אֲתַר דִי הֲלִיךְ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2SA:200.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.8.14/