Ezekiel 18:2 יְחֶזְקֵאל

Who acts: ye, fathers · What happens: mean, use, say, eat, set · To what, where: proverb, land, sour grapes, teeth, edge · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Ezekiel 18:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — ye, fathers — and what happens in the verse to proverb, land, sour grapes, teeth, edge, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 48 chapters of Ezekiel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

מַה־לָּכֶ֗ם אַתֶּם֙ מֹֽשְׁלִים֙ אֶת־הַמָּשָׁ֣ל הַזֶּ֔ה עַל־אַדְמַ֥ת יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לֵאמֹ֑ר אָבוֹת֙ יֹ֣אכְלוּ בֹ֔סֶר וְשִׁנֵּ֥י הַבָּנִ֖ים תִּקְהֶֽינָה׃

'What mean ye, that ye use this proverb in the land of Israel, saying: The fathers have eaten sour grapes, and the children's teeth are set on edge?

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	מַה־	מָה	PRON	PronType=Int	3 ָכֶ֗ם	nsubj	what?
2	לּ	לְ	ADP	_	3 ָכֶ֗ם	case	[is] to
3	ָכֶ֗ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	root	root	you
4	אַתֶּם֙	אַתֶּם	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	5 מֹֽשְׁלִים֙	nsubj	you
5	מֹֽשְׁלִים֙	מָשַׁל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	3 ָכֶ֗ם	parataxis	[are] speaking a proverb
6	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	8 מָּשָׁ֣ל	case	(et)
7	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	8 מָּשָׁ֣ל	det	the
8	מָּשָׁ֣ל	מָשָׁל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 מֹֽשְׁלִים֙	obj	proverb
9	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	10 זֶּ֔ה	det	(the)
10	זֶּ֔ה	זֶה	DET	Gender=Masc Number=Sing PronType=Dem	8 מָּשָׁ֣ל	det	this
11	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	12 אַדְמַ֥ת	case	on
12	אַדְמַ֥ת	אֲדָמָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	5 מֹֽשְׁלִים֙	obl	the land
13	יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	12 אַדְמַ֥ת	compound:smixut	of Israel
14	לֵ	לְ	ADP	ExtPos=SCONJ	17 יֹ֣אכְלוּ	mark	(cmp)
15	אמֹ֑ר	אָמַר	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	14 לֵ	fixed
16	אָבוֹת֙	אָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	17 יֹ֣אכְלוּ	nsubj	parents
17	יֹ֣אכְלוּ	אָכַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	5 מֹֽשְׁלִים֙	advcl	they eat
18	בֹ֔סֶר	בֹּסֶר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	17 יֹ֣אכְלוּ	obj	sour grape[s]
19	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	23 תִּקְהֶֽינָה	cc	and
20	שִׁנֵּ֥י	שֵׁן	NOUN	Number=Dual	23 תִּקְהֶֽינָה	nsubj	the teeth
21	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	22 בָּנִ֖ים	det	of
22	בָּנִ֖ים	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	20 שִׁנֵּ֥י	compound:smixut	the children
23	תִּקְהֶֽינָה	קָהָה	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	17 יֹ֣אכְלוּ	conj	they are blunt
24	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	23 תִּקְהֶֽינָה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · assert · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
מֹֽשְׁלִים [are] speaking a proverb	participle active · qal	אַתֶּם you	מָּשָׁל proverb
אמֹר	infinitive construct · qal		יֹאכְלוּ they eat + תִּקְהֶֽינָה they are blunt
יֹאכְלוּ they eat	yiqtol · qal	אָבוֹת parents	בֹסֶר sour grape[s]
תִּקְהֶֽינָה they are blunt	yiqtol · qal	שִׁנֵּי the teeth

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

מָה לְכוֹן דְאַתּוּן מַתְלִין יַת מַתְלָא הָדֵין עַל אַרְעָא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל לְמֵימָר אֲבָהָתָא חָטָן וּבְנַיָא לְקָן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

'What mean ye, that ye use this proverb in the land of Israel, saying: The fathers have eaten sour grapes, and the children's teeth are set on edge?

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EZK:386.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.18.2/