Ezekiel 18:2 · JPS 1917
'What mean ye, that ye use this proverb in the land of Israel, saying: The fathers have eaten sour grapes, and the children's teeth are set on edge?
Who acts: ye, fathers · What happens: mean, use, say, eat, set · To what, where: proverb, land, sour grapes, teeth, edge · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Ezekiel 18:2 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ye, fathers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 3 mean | punct |
| 2 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 3 mean | obj |
| 3 | mean | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 3 mean | nsubj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 mean | punct |
| 6 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 8 use | mark |
| 7 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 8 use | nsubj |
| 8 | use | use | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 mean | ccomp |
| 9 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 10 proverb | det |
| 10 | proverb | proverb | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 use | obj |
| 11 | in | in | ADP | _ | 13 land | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 land | det |
| 13 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 use | obl |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 Israel | case |
| 15 | Israel | Israel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 land | nmod |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 saying | punct |
| 17 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 8 use | advcl |
| 18 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 22 eaten | punct |
| 19 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 fathers | det |
| 20 | fathers | father | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 eaten | nsubj |
| 21 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 eaten | aux |
| 22 | eaten | eat | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 17 saying | ccomp |
| 23 | sour | sour | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 grapes | amod |
| 24 | grapes | grape | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 eaten | obj |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 set | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 set | cc |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 children | det |
| 28 | children | child | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 teeth | nmod:poss |
| 29 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 28 children | case |
| 30 | teeth | tooth | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 set | nsubj:pass |
| 31 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 set | aux:pass |
| 32 | set | set | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 22 eaten | conj |
| 33 | on | on | ADP | _ | 34 edge | case |
| 34 | edge | edge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 set | obl |
| 35 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 mean | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- wh-question
- act
- ask
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | mean | present | ye | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | use | present | ye | this proverb | the land of Israel | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent proverb=Patient | |||
| 3 | say speech: assert | gerund | ye not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | eat | present · perfect | the fathers | sour grapes | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grape=Patient | ||||
| 5 | set | present · passive | the children's teeth | edge | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: subject=Theme on edge=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
מַה־לָּכֶ֗ם אַתֶּם֙ מֹֽשְׁלִים֙ אֶת־הַמָּשָׁ֣ל הַזֶּ֔ה עַל־אַדְמַ֥ת יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לֵאמֹ֑ר אָבוֹת֙ יֹ֣אכְלוּ בֹ֔סֶר וְשִׁנֵּ֥י הַבָּנִ֖ים תִּקְהֶֽינָה׃
Ezekiel 18:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:EZK:404 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.404/