Ezekiel 21:20 יְחֶזְקֵאל

Who acts: I, heart · What happens: set, melt, multiply, make, sharpen, point · To what, where: point, gates, stumblings, heart, sword

This is Ezekiel 21:20 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, heart — and what happens in the verse to point, gates, stumblings, heart, sword, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 48 chapters of Ezekiel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

לְמַ֣עַן ׀ לָמ֣וּג לֵ֗ב וְהַרְבֵּה֙ הַמִּכְשֹׁלִ֔ים עַ֚ל כָּל־שַׁ֣עֲרֵיהֶ֔ם נָתַ֖תִּי אִבְחַת־חָ֑רֶב אָ֛ח עֲשׂוּיָ֥ה לְבָרָ֖ק מְעֻטָּ֥ה לְטָֽבַח׃

I have set the point of the sword against all their gates, that their heart may melt, and their stumblings be multiplied; ah! it is made glittering, it is sharpened for slaughter.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	לְמַ֣עַן	לְמַעַן	SCONJ	_	4 מ֣וּג	mark	so as
2	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	1 לְמַ֣עַן	punct
3	לָ	לְ	ADP	_	4 מ֣וּג	case	to
4	מ֣וּג	מוּג	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	14 נָתַ֖תִּי	xcomp	melt
5	לֵ֗ב	לֵב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 מ֣וּג	nsubj	a heart
6	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	7 הַרְבֵּה֙	cc	and
7	הַרְבֵּה֙	רָבָה	ADV	HebBinyan=HIPHIL	4 מ֣וּג	conj	[may be] many
8	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	9 מִּכְשֹׁלִ֔ים	det	the
9	מִּכְשֹׁלִ֔ים	מִכְשׁוֹל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	7 הַרְבֵּה֙	nsubj	stumblings
10	עַ֚ל	עַל	ADP	_	11 כָּל־	case	at
11	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 נָתַ֖תִּי	obl	all
12	שַׁ֣עֲרֵי	שַׁעַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	11 כָּל־	compound:smixut	gates
13	הֶ֔ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 שַׁ֣עֲרֵי	nmod:poss	their
14	נָתַ֖תִּי	נָתַן	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	root	root	I have set
15	אִבְחַת־	אִבְחָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	14 נָתַ֖תִּי	obj	a slaughter
16	חָ֑רֶב	חֶרֶב	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	15 אִבְחַת־	compound:smixut	of a sword
17	אָ֛ח	אָח	INTJ	_	21 מְעֻטָּ֥ה	discourse	alas!
18	עֲשׂוּיָ֥ה	עָשָׂה	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	21 מְעֻטָּ֥ה	parataxis	[it is] made
19	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	20 בָרָ֖ק	case	for
20	בָרָ֖ק	בָּרָק	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	18 עֲשׂוּיָ֥ה	obl	lightning
21	מְעֻטָּ֥ה	מְעֻטָּה	ADJ	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	14 נָתַ֖תִּי	parataxis	[it is] wrapped
22	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	23 טָֽבַח	case	for
23	טָֽבַח	טֶבַח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	21 מְעֻטָּ֥ה	obl	slaughter
24	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	23 טָֽבַח	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
מוּג melt	infinitive construct · qal	לֵב a heart
נָתַתִּי I have set	qatal · qal		אִבְחַת־ a slaughter
עֲשׂוּיָה [it is] made	participle passive · qal		חָרֶב of a sword

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

בְּדִיל לְמִתְבַּר לִבְּהוֹן וּלְאַסְגָאָה מַתְקַלְהוֹן עַל כָּל קִרְוֵיהוֹן מַנִיתִי קָטְלֵי חַרְבָּא וֵי חַרְבָּא אִשְׁתְּלִיפַת לְמִקְטֵל אִשְׁתְּנִינִת לְשֵׁיצָאָה:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

I have set the point of the sword against all their gates, that their heart may melt, and their stumblings be multiplied; ah! it is made glittering, it is sharpened for slaughter.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EZK:494.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.21.20/