Ezekiel 23:10 יְחֶזְקֵאל

Who acts: These, Assyrians, Samaria · What happens: uncover, take, slay, become, execute · To what, where: nakedness, sons, Samaria, byword, judgments

This is Ezekiel 23:10 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — These, Assyrians, Samaria — and what happens in the verse to nakedness, sons, Samaria, byword, judgments, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 48 chapters of Ezekiel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

הֵמָּה֮ גִּלּ֣וּ עֶרְוָתָהּ֒ בָּנֶ֤יהָ וּבְנוֹתֶ֙יהָ֙ לָקָ֔חוּ וְאוֹתָ֖הּ בַּחֶ֣רֶב הָרָ֑גוּ וַתְּהִי־שֵׁם֙ לַנָּשִׁ֔ים וּשְׁפוּטִ֖ים עָ֥שׂוּ בָֽהּ׃ס

These uncovered her nakedness; they took her sons and her daughters, and her they slew with the sword; and she became a byword among women, for judgments were executed upon her.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	הֵמָּה֮	הֵמָּה	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 גִּלּ֣וּ	nsubj	they
2	גִּלּ֣וּ	גָּלָה	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they uncovered
3	עֶרְוָת	עֶרְוָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	2 גִּלּ֣וּ	obj	nakedness
4	ָהּ֒	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 עֶרְוָת	nmod:poss	her
5	בָּנֶ֤י	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	10 לָקָ֔חוּ	obj	sons
6	הָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 בָּנֶ֤י	nmod:poss	her
7	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 בְנוֹתֶ֙י	cc	and
8	בְנוֹתֶ֙י	בַּת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	5 בָּנֶ֤י	conj	daughters
9	הָ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 בְנוֹתֶ֙י	nmod:poss	her
10	לָקָ֔חוּ	לָקַח	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 גִּלּ֣וּ	parataxis	they took
11	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	17 הָרָ֑גוּ	cc	and
12	אוֹת	אֵת	ADP	_	13 ָ֖הּ	case
13	ָ֖הּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 הָרָ֑גוּ	obj	her
14	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	16 חֶ֣רֶב	case	with
15	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	16 חֶ֣רֶב	det	the
16	חֶ֣רֶב	חֶרֶב	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	17 הָרָ֑גוּ	obl	sword
17	הָרָ֑גוּ	הָרַג	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 גִּלּ֣וּ	conj	they killed
18	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	20 שֵׁם֙	cc	and
19	תְּהִי־	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	20 שֵׁם֙	cop	she became
20	שֵׁם֙	שֵׁם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 גִּלּ֣וּ	conj	a name
21	לַ	לְ	ADP	_	23 נָּשִׁ֔ים	case	to
22	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	23 נָּשִׁ֔ים	det	(the)
23	נָּשִׁ֔ים	אִשָּׁה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	20 שֵׁם֙	obl	women
24	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	26 עָ֥שׂוּ	cc	and
25	שְׁפוּטִ֖ים	שְׁפוֹט	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	26 עָ֥שׂוּ	obj	judgments
26	עָ֥שׂוּ	עָשָׂה	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 גִּלּ֣וּ	conj	they brought about
27	ב	בְּ	ADP	_	28 ָֽהּ	case	on
28	ָֽהּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	26 עָ֥שׂוּ	obl	her
29	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	28 ָֽהּ	punct
30	ס	ס	PUNCT	_	28 ָֽהּ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
גִּלּוּ they uncovered	qatal · piel	הֵמָּה they	עֶרְוָת nakedness
לָקָחוּ they took	qatal · qal		בָּנֶי sons + בְנוֹתֶי daughters
הָרָגוּ they killed	qatal · qal		ָהּ her
תְּהִי־ she became	wayyiqtol · qal
עָשׂוּ they brought about	qatal · qal		שְׁפוּטִים judgments

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

אִינוּן גַלִיאוּ קְלָנָהּ בְּנָהָא וּבְנָתָהָא שְׁבוֹ וְעַמָהּ בְּחַרְבָּא קְטִילוּ וַהֲוַת שׁוּם לִמְדִינָתָא וּפוּרְעֲנוּת דִינִין עֲבָדוּ בְּגַוָהּ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

These uncovered her nakedness; they took her sons and her daughters, and her they slew with the sword; and she became a byword among women, for judgments were executed upon her.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EZK:552.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.23.10/