Ezekiel 27:13 יְחֶזְקֵאל

Who acts: shield · What happens: be, trade · To what, where: traffickers, persons

This is Ezekiel 27:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — shield — and what happens in the verse to traffickers, persons, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 48 chapters of Ezekiel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

יָוָ֤ן תֻּבַל֙ וָמֶ֔שֶׁךְ הֵ֖מָּה רֹֽכְלָ֑יִךְ בְּנֶ֤פֶשׁ אָדָם֙ וּכְלֵ֣י נְחֹ֔שֶׁת נָתְנ֖וּ מַעֲרָבֵֽךְ׃

Javan, Tubal, and Meshech, they were thy traffickers; they traded the persons of men and vessels of brass for thy merchandise.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	יָוָ֤ן	יָוָן	PROPN	_	6 רֹֽכְלָ֑י	dislocated	Javan
2	תֻּבַל֙	תֻּבַל	PROPN	_	1 יָוָ֤ן	conj	Tubal
3	וָ	וְ	CCONJ	_	4 מֶ֔שֶׁךְ	cc	and
4	מֶ֔שֶׁךְ	מֶשֶׁךְ	PROPN	_	1 יָוָ֤ן	conj	Meshech
5	הֵ֖מָּה	הֵמָּה	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 רֹֽכְלָ֑י	nsubj	they
6	רֹֽכְלָ֑י	רָכַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	root	root	[were] your
7	ִךְ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	6 רֹֽכְלָ֑י	nmod:poss	traders
8	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	9 נֶ֤פֶשׁ	case	for [the]
9	נֶ֤פֶשׁ	נֶפֶשׁ	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 נָתְנ֖וּ	obl	life
10	אָדָם֙	אָדָם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	9 נֶ֤פֶשׁ	compound:smixut	of human[s]
11	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	12 כְלֵ֣י	cc	and
12	כְלֵ֣י	כְּלִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	9 נֶ֤פֶשׁ	conj	vessels
13	נְחֹ֔שֶׁת	נְחֹשֶׁת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	12 כְלֵ֣י	compound:smixut	of bronze
14	נָתְנ֖וּ	נָתַן	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	6 רֹֽכְלָ֑י	parataxis	they exchanged
15	מַעֲרָב	מַעֲרָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 נָתְנ֖וּ	obj	merchandise
16	ֵֽךְ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	15 מַעֲרָב	nmod:poss	your
17	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	16 ֵֽךְ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
רֹֽכְלָי [were] your	participle active · qal	יָוָן Javan + תֻּבַל Tubal + מֶשֶׁךְ Meshech
נָתְנוּ they exchanged	qatal · qal	יָוָן Javan + תֻּבַל Tubal + מֶשֶׁךְ Meshech	מַעֲרָב merchandise

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

יָוָן תּוּבָל וּמֶשֶׁךְ אִינוּן תַּגָרֵיךְ בְּנַפְשָׁא דֶאֱנָשָׁא וּמַנֵי נְחָשָׁא מַיְתָן סְחוֹרָא לְגַוִיךְ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Javan, Tubal, and Meshech, they were thy traffickers; they traded the persons of men and vessels of brass for thy merchandise.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EZK:669.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.27.13/