Hosea 1:2 הוֹשֵׁעַ

Who acts: LORD, land · What happens: speak, say, go, take, commit, depart · To what, where: wife, great harlotry · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Hosea 1:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, land — and what happens in the verse to wife, great harlotry, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 14 chapters of Hosea on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

תְּחִלַּ֥ת דִּבֶּר־יְהוָ֖ה בְּהוֹשֵׁ֑עַפ וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֶל־הוֹשֵׁ֗עַ לֵ֣ךְ קַח־לְךָ֞ אֵ֤שֶׁת זְנוּנִים֙ וְיַלְדֵ֣י זְנוּנִ֔ים כִּֽי־זָנֹ֤ה תִזְנֶה֙ הָאָ֔רֶץ מֵֽאַחֲרֵ֖י יְהוָֽה׃

When the LORD spoke at first with Hosea, the LORD said unto Hosea: 'Go, take unto thee a wife of harlotry and children of harlotry; for the land doth commit great harlotry, departing from the LORD.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	תְּחִלַּ֥ת	תְּחִלָּה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	root	root	[the] beginning
2	דִּבֶּר־	דָבַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	1 תְּחִלַּ֥ת	acl	(of) [when] he spoke
3	יְהוָ֖ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	2 דִּבֶּר־	nsubj	Yahweh
4	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	5 הוֹשֵׁ֑עַ	case	by
5	הוֹשֵׁ֑עַ	הוֹשֵׁעַ	PROPN	_	2 דִּבֶּר־	obl	Hosea
6	פ	פ	PUNCT	_	5 הוֹשֵׁ֑עַ	punct
7	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 יֹּ֨אמֶר	cc	and
8	יֹּ֨אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	1 תְּחִלַּ֥ת	conj	he said
9	יְהוָ֜ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	8 יֹּ֨אמֶר	nsubj	Yahweh
10	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	11 הוֹשֵׁ֗עַ	case	to
11	הוֹשֵׁ֗עַ	הוֹשֵׁעַ	PROPN	_	8 יֹּ֨אמֶר	obl	Hosea
12	לֵ֣ךְ	הלך	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	8 יֹּ֨אמֶר	ccomp	go
13	קַח־	לָקַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	12 לֵ֣ךְ	parataxis	take
14	ל	לְ	ADP	_	15 ְךָ֞	case	for
15	ְךָ֞	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	13 קַח־	obl	yourself
16	אֵ֤שֶׁת	אִשָּׁה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	13 קַח־	obj	a wife
17	זְנוּנִים֙	זְנוּנִים	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	16 אֵ֤שֶׁת	compound:smixut	of prostitution(s)
18	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	19 יַלְדֵ֣י	cc	and
19	יַלְדֵ֣י	יֶלֶד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	16 אֵ֤שֶׁת	conj	children
20	זְנוּנִ֔ים	זְנוּנִים	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	19 יַלְדֵ֣י	compound:smixut	of prostitution(s)
21	כִּֽי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	23 תִזְנֶה֙	mark	(dm)
22	זָנֹ֤ה	זָנָה	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	23 תִזְנֶה֙	obl:npmod	continually (prostitute itself)
23	תִזְנֶה֙	זָנָה	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	12 לֵ֣ךְ	advcl	it prostitutes itself
24	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	25 אָ֔רֶץ	det	the
25	אָ֔רֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 תִזְנֶה֙	nsubj	land
26	מֵֽ	מִן	ADP	_	28 יְהוָֽה	case	from
27	אַחֲרֵ֖י	אַחַר	ADP	_	28 יְהוָֽה	case	after
28	יְהוָֽה	יהוה	PROPN	_	23 תִזְנֶה֙	obl	Yahweh
29	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	28 יְהוָֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: request
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · assert · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
דִּבֶּר־ (of) [when] he spoke	qatal · piel	יְהוָה Yahweh
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	אֶל־ to
לֵךְ go	imperative · qal	לֵךְ go
קַח־ take	imperative · qal	לֵךְ go	זְנוּנִים of prostitution(s)
תִזְנֶה it prostitutes itself	yiqtol · qal	אַחֲרֵי after

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

שְׁרָיוּת פִּתְגָמָא דַייָ בְּהוֹשֵׁעַ וַאֲמַר יְיָ לְהוֹשֵׁעַ אֱזֵיל אִתְנַבֵּי נְבוּאָה עַל יָתְבֵי קַרְתָּא טַעֲוָתָא דְאִינוּן מוֹסִיפִין לְמֶחְטֵי אֲרֵי מִטְעָא יִטְעוּן דַיְרֵי אַרְעָא מִבָּתַר פּוּלְחָנָא דַיָי:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

When the LORD spoke at first with Hosea, the LORD said unto Hosea: 'Go, take unto thee a wife of harlotry and children of harlotry; for the land doth commit great harlotry, departing from the LORD.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:HOS:1.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.1.2/