Hosea 1:1 הוֹשֵׁעַ

Who acts: LORD · What happens: come, word · To what, where: LORD

This is Hosea 1:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD — and what happens in the verse to LORD, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 14 chapters of Hosea on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

דְּבַר־יְהוָ֣ה ׀ אֲשֶׁ֣ר הָיָ֗ה אֶל־הוֹשֵׁ֙עַ֙ בֶּן־בְּאֵרִ֔י בִּימֵ֨י עֻזִּיָּ֥ה יוֹתָ֛ם אָחָ֥ז יְחִזְקִיָּ֖ה מַלְכֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֑ה וּבִימֵ֛י יָרָבְעָ֥ם בֶּן־יוֹאָ֖שׁ מֶ֥לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃

THE WORD of the LORD that came unto Hosea the son of Beeri, in the days of Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah, kings of Judah, and in the days of Jeroboam the son of Joash, king of Israel.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	דְּבַר־	דָּבָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	root	root	the word
2	יְהוָ֣ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	1 דְּבַר־	compound:smixut	of Yahweh
3	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	2 יְהוָ֣ה	punct
4	אֲשֶׁ֣ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	7 הוֹשֵׁ֙עַ֙	mark	which
5	הָיָ֗ה	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	7 הוֹשֵׁ֙עַ֙	cop	it came
6	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	7 הוֹשֵׁ֙עַ֙	case	to
7	הוֹשֵׁ֙עַ֙	הוֹשֵׁעַ	PROPN	_	1 דְּבַר־	acl:relcl	Hosea
8	בֶּן־	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 הוֹשֵׁ֙עַ֙	appos	the son
9	בְּאֵרִ֔י	בְּאֵרִי	PROPN	_	8 בֶּן־	compound:smixut	of Beeri
10	בִּ	בְּ	ADP	_	11 ימֵ֨י	case	in
11	ימֵ֨י	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	7 הוֹשֵׁ֙עַ֙	obl	the days
12	עֻזִּיָּ֥ה	עֻזִּיָּה	PROPN	_	11 ימֵ֨י	compound:smixut	of Uzziah
13	יוֹתָ֛ם	יוֹתָם	PROPN	_	12 עֻזִּיָּ֥ה	conj	Jotham
14	אָחָ֥ז	אָחָז	PROPN	_	12 עֻזִּיָּ֥ה	conj	Ahaz
15	יְחִזְקִיָּ֖ה	יְחִזְקִיָּה	PROPN	_	12 עֻזִּיָּ֥ה	conj	Hezekiah
16	מַלְכֵ֣י	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	12 עֻזִּיָּ֥ה	appos	the kings
17	יְהוּדָ֑ה	יְהוּדָה	PROPN	_	16 מַלְכֵ֣י	compound:smixut	of Judah
18	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	20 ימֵ֛י	cc	and
19	בִ	בְּ	ADP	_	20 ימֵ֛י	case	in
20	ימֵ֛י	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	11 ימֵ֨י	conj	the days
21	יָרָבְעָ֥ם	יָרָבְעָם	PROPN	_	20 ימֵ֛י	compound:smixut	of Jeroboam
22	בֶּן־	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	21 יָרָבְעָ֥ם	appos	the son
23	יוֹאָ֖שׁ	יוֹאָשׁ	PROPN	_	22 בֶּן־	compound:smixut	of Joash
24	מֶ֥לֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	21 יָרָבְעָ֥ם	appos	the king
25	יִשְׂרָאֵֽל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	24 מֶ֥לֶךְ	compound:smixut	of Israel
26	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	25 יִשְׂרָאֵֽל	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
הָיָה it came	qatal · qal	דְּבַר־ the word

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

פִּתְגַם נְבוּאָה מִן קֳדָם יְיָ דַהֲוָה עִם הוֹשֵׁעַ בַּר בְּאֵרִי בְּיוֹמֵי עֻזִיָה יוֹתָם אָחָז יְחִזְקִיָה מַלְכַיָא דְבֵית יְהוּדָה וּבִימֵי יָרָבְעָם בַּר יוֹאָשׁ מַלְכָּא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

THE WORD of the LORD that came unto Hosea the son of Beeri, in the days of Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah, kings of Judah, and in the days of Jeroboam the son of Joash, king of Israel.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:HOS:0.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.1.1/