Hosea 11:4 הוֹשֵׁעַ

Who acts: I · What happens: draw, be, take off, feed · To what, where: images, yoke, jaws

This is Hosea 11:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I — and what happens in the verse to images, yoke, jaws, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 14 chapters of Hosea on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

בְּחַבְלֵ֨י אָדָ֤ם אֶמְשְׁכֵם֙ בַּעֲבֹת֣וֹת אַהֲבָ֔ה וָאֶהְיֶ֥ה לָהֶ֛ם כִּמְרִ֥ימֵי עֹ֖ל עַ֣ל לְחֵיהֶ֑ם וְאַ֥ט אֵלָ֖יו אוֹכִֽיל׃

I drew them with cords of a man, with bands of love; and I was to them as they that take off the yoke on their jaws, and I fed them gently.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	2 חַבְלֵ֨י	case	with
2	חַבְלֵ֨י	חֶבֶל	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 אֶמְשְׁכ	obl	cords
3	אָדָ֤ם	אָדָם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 חַבְלֵ֨י	compound:smixut	of humankind
4	אֶמְשְׁכ	מָשַׁךְ	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	root	root	I
5	ֵם֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 אֶמְשְׁכ	obj	drew them
6	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	7 עֲבֹת֣וֹת	case	with
7	עֲבֹת֣וֹת	עֲבֹת	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 אֶמְשְׁכ	parataxis	ropes
8	אַהֲבָ֔ה	אַהֲבָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	7 עֲבֹת֣וֹת	compound:smixut	of love
9	וָ	וְ	CCONJ	_	10 אֶהְיֶ֥ה	cc	and
10	אֶהְיֶ֥ה	הָיָה	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	4 אֶמְשְׁכ	conj	I was
11	ל	לְ	ADP	_	12 ָהֶ֛ם	case	to
12	ָהֶ֛ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 אֶהְיֶ֥ה	obl	them
13	כִּ	כְּ	ADP	_	14 מְרִ֥ימֵי	case	like
14	מְרִ֥ימֵי	רוּם	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur	10 אֶהְיֶ֥ה	advcl	[those who] lift
15	עֹ֖ל	עֹל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 מְרִ֥ימֵי	obj	(of) a yoke
16	עַ֣ל	עַל	ADP	_	17 לְחֵי	case	on
17	לְחֵי	לְחִי	NOUN	Number=Dual	14 מְרִ֥ימֵי	obl	jaws
18	הֶ֑ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 לְחֵי	nmod:poss	their
19	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	20 אַ֥ט	cc	and
20	אַ֥ט	נָטָה	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=1	4 אֶמְשְׁכ	conj	I inclined
21	אֵלָ֖י	אֶל	ADP	_	22 ו	case	to
22	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 אַ֥ט	obl	him
23	אוֹכִֽיל	אָכַל	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=1	4 אֶמְשְׁכ	parataxis	I fed [him]
24	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	23 אוֹכִֽיל	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: promise
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	what, whom (A1)
אֶמְשְׁכ I	yiqtol · qal	ֵם drew them
אֶהְיֶה I was	wayyiqtol · qal
מְרִימֵי [those who] lift	participle active · hiphil	עֹל (of) a yoke
אַט I inclined	yiqtol · hiphil
אוֹכִֽיל I fed [him]	yiqtol · hiphil

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

בְּמִגְדַת בְּנִין רְחִימִין נְגַדְתִּינוּן בִּתְקוֹף רַחֲמָא וַהֲוָה מֵימְרִי לְהוֹן כְּאִכְּרָא טָבָא דְמֵקִיל בִּכְתַף תּוֹרַיָא וּמוֹרִיךְ בִּלְחִיאָתְהוֹן וְאַף כַּד הֲווֹ בְּמַדְבְּרָא אַסְגֵיתִי לְהוֹן טוּבָא לְמֵיכָל:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

I drew them with cords of a man, with bands of love; and I was to them as they that take off the yoke on their jaws, and I fed them gently.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:HOS:149.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.11.4/