Hosea 11:3 הוֹשֵׁעַ

Who acts: I, images · What happens: teach, walk, take, not know, heal · To what, where: Ephraim, images · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Hosea 11:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, images — and what happens in the verse to Ephraim, images, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 14 chapters of Hosea on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְאָנֹכִ֤י תִרְגַּ֙לְתִּי֙ לְאֶפְרַ֔יִם קָחָ֖ם עַל־זְרֽוֹעֹתָ֑יו וְלֹ֥א יָדְע֖וּ כִּ֥י רְפָאתִֽים׃

And I, I taught Ephraim to walk, taking them by their arms; but they knew not that I healed them.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	3 תִרְגַּ֙לְתִּי֙	cc	and
2	אָנֹכִ֤י	אָנֹכִי	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	3 תִרְגַּ֙לְתִּי֙	nsubj	I
3	תִרְגַּ֙לְתִּי֙	רגל	VERB	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1	root	root	I taught to walk
4	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	5 אֶפְרַ֔יִם	case	(to)
5	אֶפְרַ֔יִם	אֶפְרַיִם	PROPN	_	3 תִרְגַּ֙לְתִּי֙	obl	Ephraim
6	קָח	לָקַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	3 תִרְגַּ֙לְתִּי֙	parataxis	he
7	ָ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 קָח	obj	took them
8	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	9 זְרֽוֹעֹתָ֑י	case	on
9	זְרֽוֹעֹתָ֑י	זְרוֹעַ	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 קָח	obl	arms
10	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 זְרֽוֹעֹתָ֑י	nmod:poss	his
11	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 יָדְע֖וּ	cc	and
12	לֹ֥א	לֹא	ADV	_	13 יָדְע֖וּ	advmod	not
13	יָדְע֖וּ	יָדַע	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	3 תִרְגַּ֙לְתִּי֙	conj	they knew
14	כִּ֥י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	15 רְפָאתִֽי	mark	(dm) that
15	רְפָאתִֽי	רָפָא	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	13 יָדְע֖וּ	ccomp	I
16	ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 רְפָאתִֽי	obj	had healed them
17	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	16 ם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
תִרְגַּלְתִּי I taught to walk	qatal	אָנֹכִי I
קָח he	qatal · qal		ָם took them
not יָדְעוּ they knew	qatal · qal	אֶפְרַיִם Ephraim	רְפָאתִֽי I
רְפָאתִֽי I	qatal · qal		ם had healed them

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲנָא בְמַלְאָךְ שְׁלִיחַ מִן קָדָמַי דַבְּרֵית בְּאוֹרַח תַּקְנָא לְיִשְׂרָאֵל וּנְטַלְתִּינוּן כִּדְעַל דַרְעִין וְלָא יָדְעִין דְמִן קָדָמַי מִתְרַחֵים עֲלֵיהוֹן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And I, I taught Ephraim to walk, taking them by their arms; but they knew not that I healed them.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:HOS:148.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.11.3/