Hosea 4:16 הוֹשֵׁעַ

Who acts: Israel, LORD · What happens: be, feed · To what, where: harlots, large place

This is Hosea 4:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Israel, LORD — and what happens in the verse to harlots, large place, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 14 chapters of Hosea on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

כִּ֚י כְּפָרָ֣ה סֹֽרֵרָ֔ה סָרַ֖ר יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל עַתָּה֙ יִרְעֵ֣ם יְהוָ֔ה כְּכֶ֖בֶשׂ בַּמֶּרְחָֽב׃

For Israel is stubborn like a stubborn heifer; now shall the LORD feed them as a lamb in a large place?

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	כִּ֚י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	5 סָרַ֖ר	mark	(dm)
2	כְּ	כְּ	ADP	_	3 פָרָ֣ה	case	like
3	פָרָ֣ה	פָּרָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	5 סָרַ֖ר	obl	a heifer
4	סֹֽרֵרָ֔ה	סָרַר	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	3 פָרָ֣ה	nmod	stubborn
5	סָרַ֖ר	סָרַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it is stubborn
6	יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	5 סָרַ֖ר	nsubj	Israel
7	עַתָּה֙	עַתָּה	ADV	_	8 יִרְע	advmod	now
8	יִרְע	רָעָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	5 סָרַ֖ר	parataxis	he
9	ֵ֣ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 יִרְע	obj	will pasture them
10	יְהוָ֔ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	8 יִרְע	nsubj	Yahweh
11	כְּ	כְּ	ADP	_	12 כֶ֖בֶשׂ	case	like
12	כֶ֖בֶשׂ	כֶּבֶשׂ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 יִרְע	obl	a lamb
13	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	15 מֶּרְחָֽב	case	in (the)
14	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	15 מֶּרְחָֽב	det	roomy
15	מֶּרְחָֽב	מֶרְחָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	12 כֶ֖בֶשׂ	nmod	place
16	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	15 מֶּרְחָֽב	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
סֹֽרֵרָה stubborn	participle active · qal	פָרָה a heifer
סָרַר it is stubborn	qatal · qal	יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel
יִרְע he	yiqtol · qal	יְהוָה Yahweh	ֵם will pasture them

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

אֲרֵי כְּתוֹרָא דְאִתְפַּטַם וּבָעֵיט כֵּן מָרֵיד בִּסְגִי טוּבָא יִשְׂרָאֵל כְּעַן יְדַבְּרִינוּן יְיָ כְּאִימַר בְּחִיר בְּבִקְעָה:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

For Israel is stubborn like a stubborn heifer; now shall the LORD feed them as a lamb in a large place?

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:HOS:54.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.4.16/