Hosea 7:9 הוֹשֵׁעַ

Who acts: Strangers, Ephraim, gray hairs · What happens: devour, not know, be · To what, where: strength

This is Hosea 7:9 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Strangers, Ephraim, gray hairs — and what happens in the verse to strength, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 14 chapters of Hosea on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

אָכְל֤וּ זָרִים֙ כֹּח֔וֹ וְה֖וּא לֹ֣א יָדָ֑ע גַּם־שֵׂיבָה֙ זָ֣רְקָה בּ֔וֹ וְה֖וּא לֹ֥א יָדָֽע׃

Strangers have devoured his strength, and he knoweth it not; yea, gray hairs are here and there upon him, and he knoweth it not.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	אָכְל֤וּ	אָכַל	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they have consumed
2	זָרִים֙	זָר	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	1 אָכְל֤וּ	nsubj	strangers
3	כֹּח	כֹּחַ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	1 אָכְל֤וּ	obj	strength
4	֔וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 כֹּח	nmod:poss	his
5	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 יָדָ֑ע	cc	and
6	ה֖וּא	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 יָדָ֑ע	nsubj	he
7	לֹ֣א	לֹא	ADV	_	8 יָדָ֑ע	advmod	not
8	יָדָ֑ע	יָדַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	1 אָכְל֤וּ	conj	he knows
9	גַּם־	גַּם	ADV	_	10 שֵׂיבָה֙	advmod	also
10	שֵׂיבָה֙	שֵׂיבָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	11 זָ֣רְקָה	nsubj	gray hair
11	זָ֣רְקָה	זָרַק	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	1 אָכְל֤וּ	parataxis	it has sneaked in
12	בּ	בְּ	ADP	_	13 ֔וֹ	case	on
13	֔וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 זָ֣רְקָה	obl	him
14	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	17 יָדָֽע	cc	and
15	ה֖וּא	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 יָדָֽע	nsubj	he
16	לֹ֥א	לֹא	ADV	_	17 יָדָֽע	advmod	not
17	יָדָֽע	יָדַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	11 זָ֣רְקָה	conj	he knows
18	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	17 יָדָֽע	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
אָכְלוּ they have consumed	qatal · qal	זָרִים strangers	כֹּח strength
not יָדָע he knows	qatal · qal	הוּא he	אָכְלוּ they have consumed
זָרְקָה it has sneaked in	qatal · qal	שֵׂיבָה gray hair
not יָדָֽע he knows	qatal · qal	הוּא he	זָרְקָה it has sneaked in

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

בָּזוּ עַמְמַיָא נִכְסֵיהוֹן וְאִינוּן לָא יָדְעִין אַף חֲלִישׁוּתָא מְטָתִינוּן וְאִינוּן לָא מִסְתַּכְּלִין:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Strangers have devoured his strength, and he knoweth it not; yea, gray hairs are here and there upon him, and he knoweth it not.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:HOS:92.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.7.9/