Isaiah 1:24 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ
Who acts: Lord, I · What happens: say, ease, avenge · To what, where: Me · Speech: someone speaks in this verse
This is Isaiah 1:24 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Lord, I — and what happens in the verse to Me, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
לָכֵ֗ן נְאֻ֤ם הָֽאָדוֹן֙ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת אֲבִ֖יר יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל ה֚וֹי אֶנָּחֵ֣ם מִצָּרַ֔י וְאִנָּקְמָ֖ה מֵאוֹיְבָֽי׃
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | לָ | לָכֵן | ADP | _ | 2 כֵ֗ן | case | therefore |
| 2 | כֵ֗ן | כֵּן | ADV | _ | root | root | |
| 3 | נְאֻ֤ם | נְאֻם | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 2 כֵ֗ן | parataxis | the utterance |
| 4 | הָֽ | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 5 אָדוֹן֙ | det | of |
| 5 | אָדוֹן֙ | אָדוֹן | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 3 נְאֻ֤ם | compound:smixut | the lord |
| 6 | יְהוָ֣ה | יהוה | PROPN | _ | 5 אָדוֹן֙ | appos | Yahweh |
| 7 | צְבָא֔וֹת | צָבָא | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 יְהוָ֣ה | compound:smixut | of hosts |
| 8 | אֲבִ֖יר | אָבִיר | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 5 אָדוֹן֙ | appos | the mighty one |
| 9 | יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל | יִשְׂרָאֵל | PROPN | _ | 8 אֲבִ֖יר | compound:smixut | of Israel |
| 10 | ה֚וֹי | הוֹי | INTJ | _ | 2 כֵ֗ן | parataxis | woe! |
| 11 | אֶנָּחֵ֣ם | נָחַם | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=1 | 10 ה֚וֹי | parataxis | I will ease myself |
| 12 | מִ | מִן | ADP | _ | 13 צָּר | case | from |
| 13 | צָּר | צַר | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 11 אֶנָּחֵ֣ם | obl | foes |
| 14 | ַ֔י | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 13 צָּר | nmod:poss | my |
| 15 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 16 אִנָּקְמָ֖ה | cc | and |
| 16 | אִנָּקְמָ֖ה | נָקַם | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=1 | 11 אֶנָּחֵ֣ם | conj | I will avenge myself |
| 17 | מֵ | מִן | ADP | _ | 18 אוֹיְב | case | from |
| 18 | אוֹיְב | אָיַב | NOUN | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur | 16 אִנָּקְמָ֖ה | obl | enemies |
| 19 | ָֽי | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 18 אוֹיְב | nmod:poss | my |
| 20 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 19 ָֽי | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- inside a quote begun earlier
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| אֶנָּחֵם I will ease myself | yiqtol · niphal | אָדוֹן the lord | |||
| אִנָּקְמָה I will avenge myself | cohortative · niphal | אָדוֹן the lord |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
בְּכֵן אֲמַר רִבּוֹן עַלְמָא יְיָ צְבָאוֹת תַּקִיפָא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל קַרְתָּא יְרוּשְׁלֵם אֲנָא עֲתִיד לְנַחֲמוּתָהּ בְּרַם וַי לְרַשִׁיעַיָא כַּד אִתְגְלֵי לְמֶעְבַּד פּוּרְעֲנוּת דִין מְסַנְאֵי עַמִי וְאָתִיב נְקָמָא לִבְעֵיל דְבָבִי:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:23.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.1.24/