Isaiah 13:18 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ
Who acts: bows, eye · What happens: dash, have, not spare · To what, where: young men, pieces, pity, fruit, children
This is Isaiah 13:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — bows, eye — and what happens in the verse to young men, pieces, pity, fruit, children, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
וּקְשָׁת֖וֹת נְעָרִ֣ים תְּרַטַּ֑שְׁנָה וּפְרִי־בֶ֙טֶן֙ לֹ֣א יְרַחֵ֔מוּ עַל־בָּנִ֖ים לֹֽא־תָח֥וּס עֵינָֽם׃
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | וּ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 4 תְּרַטַּ֑שְׁנָה | cc | and |
| 2 | קְשָׁת֖וֹת | קֶשֶׁת | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Plur | 4 תְּרַטַּ֑שְׁנָה | nsubj | bows |
| 3 | נְעָרִ֣ים | נַעַר | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 4 תְּרַטַּ֑שְׁנָה | obj | youths |
| 4 | תְּרַטַּ֑שְׁנָה | רָטַשׁ | VERB | Gender=Fem HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur Person=3 | root | root | they will dash in pieces |
| 5 | וּ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 9 יְרַחֵ֔מוּ | cc | and [the] |
| 6 | פְרִי־ | פְּרִי | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 9 יְרַחֵ֔מוּ | obj | fruit |
| 7 | בֶ֙טֶן֙ | בֶּטֶן | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 6 פְרִי־ | compound:smixut | of [the] womb |
| 8 | לֹ֣א | לֹא | ADV | _ | 9 יְרַחֵ֔מוּ | advmod | not |
| 9 | יְרַחֵ֔מוּ | רָחַם | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur Person=3 | 4 תְּרַטַּ֑שְׁנָה | conj | they will have compassion on |
| 10 | עַל־ | עַל | ADP | _ | 11 בָּנִ֖ים | case | on |
| 11 | בָּנִ֖ים | בֵּן | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 13 תָח֥וּס | obl | children |
| 12 | לֹֽא־ | לֹא | ADV | _ | 13 תָח֥וּס | advmod | not |
| 13 | תָח֥וּס | חוּס | VERB | Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 4 תְּרַטַּ֑שְׁנָה | parataxis | it will look with pity |
| 14 | עֵינ | עַיִן | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 תָח֥וּס | nsubj | eye |
| 15 | ָֽם | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 עֵינ | nmod:poss | their |
| 16 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 15 ָֽם | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- inside a quote begun earlier
- negation
- yes
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| תְּרַטַּשְׁנָה they will dash in pieces | yiqtol · piel | קְשָׁתוֹת bows | נְעָרִים youths | ||
| not יְרַחֵמוּ they will have compassion on | yiqtol · piel | פְרִי־ fruit | |||
| not תָחוּס it will look with pity | yiqtol · qal | עֵינ eye |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
וְקַשְׁתָּתְהוֹן עוּלֵימִין יְבַזְעָן וְעַל וְלַד מָעִין לָא יְרַחֲמוּן עַל בְּנַיָא לָא תָחוֹס עֵינֵיהוֹן:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:269.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.13.18/