Isaiah 13:9 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

Who acts: day · What happens: come, make, destroy · To what, where: earth, sinners, desolation

This is Isaiah 13:9 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — day — and what happens in the verse to earth, sinners, desolation, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

הִנֵּ֤ה יוֹם־יְהוָה֙ בָּ֔א אַכְזָרִ֥י וְעֶבְרָ֖ה וַחֲר֣וֹן אָ֑ף לָשׂ֤וּם הָאָ֙רֶץ֙ לְשַׁמָּ֔ה וְחַטָּאֶ֖יהָ יַשְׁמִ֥יד מִמֶּֽנָּה׃

Behold, the day of the LORD cometh, cruel, and full of wrath and fierce anger; to make the earth a desolation, and to destroy the sinners thereof out of it,

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	הִנֵּ֤ה	הִנֵּה	INTJ	_	4 בָּ֔א	discourse	there!
2	יוֹם־	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 בָּ֔א	nsubj	the day
3	יְהוָה֙	יהוה	PROPN	_	2 יוֹם־	compound:smixut	of Yahweh
4	בָּ֔א	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	[is] coming
5	אַכְזָרִ֥י	אַכְזָרִי	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 בָּ֔א	obl	a cruel [day]
6	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	7 עֶבְרָ֖ה	cc	and
7	עֶבְרָ֖ה	עֶבְרָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	5 אַכְזָרִ֥י	conj	wrath
8	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	9 חֲר֣וֹן	cc	and
9	חֲר֣וֹן	חָרוֹן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 אַכְזָרִ֥י	conj	burning
10	אָ֑ף	אַף	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	9 חֲר֣וֹן	compound:smixut	of anger
11	לָ	לְ	ADP	_	12 שׂ֤וּם	case	to
12	שׂ֤וּם	שׂים	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	4 בָּ֔א	advcl	make
13	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	14 אָ֙רֶץ֙	det	the
14	אָ֙רֶץ֙	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 שׂ֤וּם	obj	land
15	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	16 שַׁמָּ֔ה	case	(into) a
16	שַׁמָּ֔ה	שַׁמָּה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	12 שׂ֤וּם	obl	waste
17	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	20 יַשְׁמִ֥יד	cc	and
18	חַטָּאֶ֖י	חַטָּא	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	20 יַשְׁמִ֥יד	obj	its
19	הָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 חַטָּאֶ֖י	nmod:poss	sinners
20	יַשְׁמִ֥יד	שָׁמַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	4 בָּ֔א	conj	he will destroy
21	מִמּ	מִן	ADP	_	22 ֶֽנָּה	case	from
22	ֶֽנָּה	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 יַשְׁמִ֥יד	obl	it
23	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	22 ֶֽנָּה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
בָּא [is] coming	qatal · qal	יוֹם־ the day
שׂוּם make	infinitive construct · qal	יוֹם־ the day	אָרֶץ land
יַשְׁמִיד he will destroy	yiqtol · hiphil	חַטָּאֶי its		יְהוָה of Yahweh

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

הָא יוֹמָא מִן קֳדָם יְיָ עֲתִיד לְמֵיתֵי אַכְזָרִי וְתַעֲבוֹר וּתְקוֹף רְגַז לְשַׁוָאָה אַרְעָא לְצָדוּ וְחַיָבָהָא יְשֵׁיצֵי מִנָהּ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Behold, the day of the LORD cometh, cruel, and full of wrath and fierce anger; to make the earth a desolation, and to destroy the sinners thereof out of it,

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:260.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.13.9/