Isaiah 14:18 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

Who acts: kings · What happens: sleep · To what, where: glory

This is Isaiah 14:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — kings — and what happens in the verse to glory, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

כָּל־מַלְכֵ֥י גוֹיִ֖ם כֻּלָּ֑ם שָׁכְב֥וּ בְכָב֖וֹד אִ֥ישׁ בְּבֵיתֽוֹ׃

All the kings of the nations, all of them, sleep in glory, every one in his own house.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 שָׁכְב֥וּ	dislocated	all
2	מַלְכֵ֥י	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	1 כָּל־	compound:smixut	[the] kings
3	גוֹיִ֖ם	גּוֹי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 מַלְכֵ֥י	compound:smixut	of [the] nations
4	כֻּלּ	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 שָׁכְב֥וּ	nsubj	of them
5	ָ֑ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 כֻּלּ	nmod:poss	all
6	שָׁכְב֥וּ	שָׁכַב	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they have lain down
7	בְ	בְּ	ADP	_	8 כָב֖וֹד	case	in
8	כָב֖וֹד	כָּבוֹד	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 שָׁכְב֥וּ	obl	splendor
9	אִ֥ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 שָׁכְב֥וּ	obl	each one
10	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	11 בֵית	case	in
11	בֵית	בַּיִת	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 שָׁכְב֥וּ	obl	his own
12	ֽוֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 בֵית	nmod:poss	house
13	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	12 ֽוֹ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
שָׁכְבוּ they have lain down	qatal · qal	ָם all

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

כָּל מַלְכֵי עַמְמַיָא כּוּלְהוֹן שָׁכְבִין בִּיקָר גְבַר בְּבֵית עַלְמֵיהּ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

All the kings of the nations, all of them, sleep in glory, every one in his own house.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:291.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.14.18/