Isaiah 24:6 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ
Who acts: curse, inhabitants · What happens: devour, dwell, find, waste away, leave · To what, where: earth, people, men
This is Isaiah 24:6 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — curse, inhabitants — and what happens in the verse to earth, people, men, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
עַל־כֵּ֗ן אָלָה֙ אָ֣כְלָה אֶ֔רֶץ וַֽיֶּאְשְׁמ֖וּ יֹ֣שְׁבֵי בָ֑הּ עַל־כֵּ֗ן חָרוּ֙ יֹ֣שְׁבֵי אֶ֔רֶץ וְנִשְׁאַ֥ר אֱנ֖וֹשׁ מִזְעָֽר׃
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | עַל־ | עַל | ADP | _ | 2 כֵּ֗ן | case | therefore |
| 2 | כֵּ֗ן | כֵּן | ADV | _ | root | root | |
| 3 | אָלָה֙ | אָלָה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 4 אָ֣כְלָה | nsubj | a curse |
| 4 | אָ֣כְלָה | אָכַל | VERB | Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 2 כֵּ֗ן | parataxis | it has consumed |
| 5 | אֶ֔רֶץ | אֶרֶץ | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 אָ֣כְלָה | obj | [the] earth |
| 6 | וַֽ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 7 יֶּאְשְׁמ֖וּ | cc | and |
| 7 | יֶּאְשְׁמ֖וּ | אָשַׁם | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3 | 2 כֵּ֗ן | conj | they have been held guilty |
| 8 | יֹ֣שְׁבֵי | יָשַׁב | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur | 7 יֶּאְשְׁמ֖וּ | nsubj | [the] inhabitants |
| 9 | ב | בְּ | ADP | _ | 10 ָ֑הּ | case | in |
| 10 | ָ֑הּ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 יֹ֣שְׁבֵי | obl | it |
| 11 | עַל־ | עַל | ADP | _ | 12 כֵּ֗ן | case | therefore |
| 12 | כֵּ֗ן | כֵּן | ADV | _ | 2 כֵּ֗ן | conj | |
| 13 | חָרוּ֙ | חרה | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3 | 2 כֵּ֗ן | parataxis | they have diminished |
| 14 | יֹ֣שְׁבֵי | יָשַׁב | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur | 13 חָרוּ֙ | nsubj | [the] inhabitants |
| 15 | אֶ֔רֶץ | אֶרֶץ | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 יֹ֣שְׁבֵי | compound:smixut | of [the] earth |
| 16 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 17 נִשְׁאַ֥ר | cc | and |
| 17 | נִשְׁאַ֥ר | שָׁאַר | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 2 כֵּ֗ן | conj | it will be left |
| 18 | אֱנ֖וֹשׁ | אֱנוֹשׁ | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 17 נִשְׁאַ֥ר | nsubj | humankind |
| 19 | מִזְעָֽר | מִזְעָר | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 18 אֱנ֖וֹשׁ | compound:smixut | fewness |
| 20 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 19 מִזְעָֽר | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- speech
- narration
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| אָכְלָה it has consumed | qatal · qal | אָלָה a curse | אֶרֶץ [the] earth | ||
| יֶּאְשְׁמוּ they have been held guilty | wayyiqtol · qal | יֹשְׁבֵי [the] inhabitants | |||
| חָרוּ they have diminished | qatal · qal | יֹשְׁבֵי [the] inhabitants | |||
| נִשְׁאַר it will be left | qatal · niphal | אֱנוֹשׁ humankind |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
עַל כֵּן מִן קֳדָם מוֹמֵי דִשְׁקַר חֲרוֹבַת אַרְעָא וּצְדִיאוּ דְיָתְבִין בָּהּ עַל כֵּן סָפוּ יָתְבֵי אַרְעָא וְאִשְׁתְּאַר אֱנָשָׁא כִּזְעֵיר:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:446.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.24.6/