Isaiah 28:27 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

What happens: not thresh, be, turn about, beat out · To what, where: black cummin, cart wheel, cummin

This is Isaiah 28:27 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: what happens in the verse to black cummin, cart wheel, cummin, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

כִּ֣י לֹ֤א בֶֽחָרוּץ֙ י֣וּדַשׁ קֶ֔צַח וְאוֹפַ֣ן עֲגָלָ֔ה עַל־כַּמֹּ֖ן יוּסָּ֑ב כִּ֧י בַמַּטֶּ֛ה יֵחָ֥בֶט קֶ֖צַח וְכַמֹּ֥ן בַּשָּֽׁבֶט׃

For the black cummin is not threshed with a threshing-sledge, neither is a cart-wheel turned about upon the cummin; but the black cummin is beaten out with a staff, and the cummin with a rod.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	כִּ֣י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	6 י֣וּדַשׁ	mark	(dm)
2	לֹ֤א	לֹא	ADV	_	6 י֣וּדַשׁ	advmod	not
3	בֶֽ	בְּ	ADP	_	5 חָרוּץ֙	case	with (the)
4	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	5 חָרוּץ֙	det	threshing
5	חָרוּץ֙	חָרוּץ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 י֣וּדַשׁ	obl	sledge
6	י֣וּדַשׁ	דּוּשׁ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HOPHAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it is threshed
7	קֶ֔צַח	קֶצַח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 י֣וּדַשׁ	nsubj	black cumin
8	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 יוּסָּ֑ב	cc	and
9	אוֹפַ֣ן	אוֹפָן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	13 יוּסָּ֑ב	nsubj	a wheel
10	עֲגָלָ֔ה	עֲגָלָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	9 אוֹפַ֣ן	compound:smixut	of a cart
11	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	12 כַּמֹּ֖ן	case	over
12	כַּמֹּ֖ן	כַּמֹּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	13 יוּסָּ֑ב	obl	cumin
13	יוּסָּ֑ב	סָבַב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HOPHAL Number=Sing Person=3	6 י֣וּדַשׁ	conj	it is turned
14	כִּ֧י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	18 יֵחָ֥בֶט	mark	(dm)
15	בַ	בְּ	ADP	_	17 מַּטֶּ֛ה	case	with
16	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	17 מַּטֶּ֛ה	det	(the)
17	מַּטֶּ֛ה	מַטֶּה	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	18 יֵחָ֥בֶט	obl	staff
18	יֵחָ֥בֶט	חָבַט	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3	6 י֣וּדַשׁ	advcl	it is beaten out
19	קֶ֖צַח	קֶצַח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	18 יֵחָ֥בֶט	nsubj	black cumin
20	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	21 כַמֹּ֥ן	cc	and
21	כַמֹּ֥ן	כַּמֹּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	18 יֵחָ֥בֶט	conj	cumin
22	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	24 שָּֽׁבֶט	case	with
23	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	24 שָּֽׁבֶט	det	(the)
24	שָּֽׁבֶט	שֵׁבֶט	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	21 כַמֹּ֥ן	obl	rod
25	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	24 שָּֽׁבֶט	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	what, whom (A1)
not יוּדַשׁ it is threshed	yiqtol · hophal	קֶצַח black cumin
יוּסָּב it is turned	yiqtol · hophal	אוֹפַן a wheel
יֵחָבֶט it is beaten out	yiqtol · niphal	קֶצַח black cumin

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

אֲרֵי לָא בְמוֹרִיגֵי בַּרְזְלָא מַדְרְכִין קִצְחָא וְגַלְגַלֵי עֶגְלָא עַל כַּמוֹנָא מְחַזְרִין אֲרֵי בְחוּטְרָא חָבְטִין קִצְחָא וְכַמוֹנָא בְמַחֲבוֹטָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

For the black cummin is not threshed with a threshing-sledge, neither is a cart-wheel turned about upon the cummin; but the black cummin is beaten out with a staff, and the cummin with a rod.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:536.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.28.27/