Isaiah 28:27 · JPS 1917
For the black cummin is not threshed with a threshing-sledge, neither is a cart-wheel turned about upon the cummin; but the black cummin is beaten out with a staff, and the cummin with a rod.
What happens: not thresh, be, turn about, beat out · To what, where: black cummin, cart wheel, cummin
This is Isaiah 28:27 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | For | for | CCONJ | _ | 7 threshed | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 cummin | det |
| 3 | black | black | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 cummin | amod |
| 4 | cummin | cummin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 threshed | nsubj:pass |
| 5 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 threshed | aux:pass |
| 6 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 7 threshed | advmod |
| 7 | threshed | thresh | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 8 | with | with | ADP | _ | 12 sledge | case |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 sledge | det |
| 10 | threshing | threshing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 sledge | compound |
| 11 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 10 threshing | punct |
| 12 | sledge | sledge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 threshed | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 wheel | punct |
| 14 | neither | neither | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 19 wheel | cc |
| 15 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 wheel | cop |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 wheel | det |
| 17 | cart | cart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 wheel | compound |
| 18 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 17 cart | punct |
| 19 | wheel | wheel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 threshed | conj |
| 20 | turned | turn | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 19 wheel | acl |
| 21 | about | about | ADP | _ | 20 turned | compound:prt |
| 22 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 24 cummin | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 cummin | det |
| 24 | cummin | cummin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 turned | obl |
| 25 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 31 beaten | punct |
| 26 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 31 beaten | cc |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 cummin | det |
| 28 | black | black | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 cummin | amod |
| 29 | cummin | cummin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 beaten | nsubj:pass |
| 30 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 31 beaten | aux:pass |
| 31 | beaten | beat | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 threshed | conj |
| 32 | out | out | ADP | _ | 31 beaten | compound:prt |
| 33 | with | with | ADP | _ | 35 staff | case |
| 34 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 35 staff | det |
| 35 | staff | staff | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 beaten | obl |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 cummin | punct |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 cummin | cc |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 cummin | det |
| 39 | cummin | cummin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 beaten | conj |
| 40 | with | with | ADP | _ | 42 rod | case |
| 41 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 42 rod | det |
| 42 | rod | rod | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 cummin | nmod |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 threshed | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not thresh | present · passive | the black cummin | with a threshing sledge | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | is a | present | a cart wheel | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | turn about | participle | a cart wheel not said here | the cummin | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme upon cummin=Trajectory | ||||
| 4 | beat out | present · passive | the black cummin | with a staff | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with staff=Instrument |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
כִּ֣י לֹ֤א בֶֽחָרוּץ֙ י֣וּדַשׁ קֶ֔צַח וְאוֹפַ֣ן עֲגָלָ֔ה עַל־כַּמֹּ֖ן יוּסָּ֑ב כִּ֧י בַמַּטֶּ֛ה יֵחָ֥בֶט קֶ֖צַח וְכַמֹּ֥ן בַּשָּֽׁבֶט׃
Isaiah 28:27: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:ISA:587 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.587/