Isaiah 3:12 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

Who acts: babe, women, people, thee · What happens: be, rule, lead, cause, err, destroy · To what, where: master, thee, way

This is Isaiah 3:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — babe, women, people, thee — and what happens in the verse to master, thee, way, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

עַמִּי֙ נֹגְשָׂ֣יו מְעוֹלֵ֔ל וְנָשִׁ֖ים מָ֣שְׁלוּ ב֑וֹ עַמִּי֙ מְאַשְּׁרֶ֣יךָ מַתְעִ֔ים וְדֶ֥רֶךְ אֹֽרְחֹתֶ֖יךָ בִּלֵּֽעוּ׃ס

As for My people, a babe is their master, and women rule over them. O My people, they that lead thee cause thee to err, and destroy the way of thy paths.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	עַמּ	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 מְעוֹלֵ֔ל	dislocated	people
2	ִי֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	1 עַמּ	nmod:poss	my
3	נֹגְשָׂ֣י	נָגַשׂ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	5 מְעוֹלֵ֔ל	nsubj	oppressors
4	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 נֹגְשָׂ֣י	nmod:poss	its
5	מְעוֹלֵ֔ל	עָלַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=POEL Number=Sing	root	root	[is] acting like children
6	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 מָ֣שְׁלוּ	cc	and
7	נָשִׁ֖ים	אִשָּׁה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	8 מָ֣שְׁלוּ	nsubj	women
8	מָ֣שְׁלוּ	מָשַׁל	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	5 מְעוֹלֵ֔ל	conj	they have ruled
9	ב	בְּ	ADP	_	10 ֑וֹ	case	over
10	֑וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 מָ֣שְׁלוּ	obl	it
11	עַמּ	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 מַתְעִ֔ים	dislocated	my people
12	ִי֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	11 עַמּ	nmod:poss	my
13	מְאַשְּׁרֶ֣י	אָשַׁר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur	15 מַתְעִ֔ים	nsubj	guides
14	ךָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	13 מְאַשְּׁרֶ֣י	nmod:poss	your
15	מַתְעִ֔ים	תָּעָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur	5 מְעוֹלֵ֔ל	parataxis	[are] leading astray
16	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	20 בִּלֵּֽעוּ	cc	and
17	דֶ֥רֶךְ	דֶּרֶךְ	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 בִּלֵּֽעוּ	obj	the way
18	אֹֽרְחֹתֶ֖י	אֹרַח	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 דֶ֥רֶךְ	compound:smixut	your paths
19	ךָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	18 אֹֽרְחֹתֶ֖י	nmod:poss	your
20	בִּלֵּֽעוּ	בָּלַע	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur Person=3	15 מַתְעִ֔ים	conj	they have confused
21	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	20 בִּלֵּֽעוּ	punct
22	ס	ס	PUNCT	_	20 בִּלֵּֽעוּ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
נֹגְשָׂי oppressors	participle active · qal		ו its
מָשְׁלוּ they have ruled	qatal · qal	נָשִׁים women
מְאַשְּׁרֶי guides	participle active · piel		ךָ your
מַתְעִים [are] leading astray	participle active · hiphil	עַמּ my people		מְאַשְּׁרֶי guides
בִּלֵּֽעוּ they have confused	qatal · piel	מְאַשְּׁרֶי guides	דֶרֶךְ the way

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

עַמִי דְסִרְכוֹהִי בַזְזְהוֹי כִמְעַלְלֵי לְכַרְמָא וּכְמָרֵי חוֹבָא שַׁלִיטוּ בֵּיהּ עַמִי מְשַׁבְּחָךְ אַטְעֲיוּךְ וְאוֹרַח שְׁבִילָךְ קִלְקִילוּ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:64.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.3.12/