Isaiah 3:24 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

Who acts: mantle, rottenness · What happens: come, pass, be, curl, brand

This is Isaiah 3:24 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — mantle, rottenness — and what happens in the verse, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְהָיָה֩ תַ֨חַת בֹּ֜שֶׂם מַ֣ק יִֽהְיֶ֗ה וְתַ֨חַת חֲגוֹרָ֤ה נִקְפָּה֙ וְתַ֨חַת מַעֲשֶׂ֤ה מִקְשֶׁה֙ קָרְחָ֔ה וְתַ֥חַת פְּתִיגִ֖יל מַחֲגֹ֣רֶת שָׂ֑ק כִּי־תַ֖חַת יֹֽפִי׃

And it shall come to pass, that instead of sweet spices there shall be rottenness; and instead of a girdle rags; and instead of curled hair baldness; and instead of a stomacher a girding of sackcloth; branding instead of beauty.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 הָיָה֩	cc	and
2	הָיָה֩	הָיָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it will be
3	תַ֨חַת	תַּחַת	NOUN	_	2 הָיָה֩	parataxis	in place of
4	בֹּ֜שֶׂם	בֶּשֶׂם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 תַ֨חַת	compound:smixut	perfume
5	מַ֣ק	מַק	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 תַ֨חַת	nsubj	rottenness
6	יִֽהְיֶ֗ה	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	3 תַ֨חַת	cop	it will be
7	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 תַ֨חַת	cc	and
8	תַ֨חַת	תַּחַת	NOUN	_	3 תַ֨חַת	conj	in place of
9	חֲגוֹרָ֤ה	חֲגוֹרָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	8 תַ֨חַת	compound:smixut	a belt
10	נִקְפָּה֙	נִקְפָּה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	8 תַ֨חַת	nsubj	a rope
11	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	12 תַ֨חַת	cc	and
12	תַ֨חַת	תַּחַת	NOUN	_	3 תַ֨חַת	conj	in place of
13	מַעֲשֶׂ֤ה	מַעֲשֶׂה	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	12 תַ֨חַת	compound:smixut	a work
14	מִקְשֶׁה֙	מִקְשֶׁה	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	13 מַעֲשֶׂ֤ה	appos	well-set hair
15	קָרְחָ֔ה	קׇרְחָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	12 תַ֨חַת	nsubj	baldness
16	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	17 תַ֥חַת	cc	and
17	תַ֥חַת	תַּחַת	NOUN	_	3 תַ֨חַת	conj	in place of
18	פְּתִיגִ֖יל	פְּתִיגִיל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	17 תַ֥חַת	compound:smixut	a robe
19	מַחֲגֹ֣רֶת	מַחֲגֹרֶת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	17 תַ֥חַת	nsubj	a girding
20	שָׂ֑ק	שַׂק	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	19 מַחֲגֹ֣רֶת	compound:smixut	of sackcloth
21	כִּי־	כִּי	NOUN	_	3 תַ֨חַת	parataxis	branding
22	תַ֖חַת	תַּחַת	NOUN	_	21 כִּי־	obl	in place of
23	יֹֽפִי	יֳפִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	22 תַ֖חַת	compound:smixut	beauty
24	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	23 יֹֽפִי	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
יִֽהְיֶה it will be	yiqtol · qal	מַק rottenness

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וִיהֵי אֲתַר דַהֲוָאָה יָהֲבַן בּוּסְמִין יִתְמְסֵי אֲתַר דַהֲוָאָה אָסְרָן פְּסִיקַיָא יְהֵי רוּשְׁמִין דִמְחָא וַחֲלַף אַקָפּוּת פָּתָא גִזוּז רֵישׁ וַחֲלַף דַהֲוָאָה מְהַלְכִין בְּגֵיוָה יַסְרָן סַקִין דָא פּוּרְעֲנוּתָא תִּתְעֲבֵיד מִנְהוֹן אֲרֵי טְעָאָה בְשׁוּפְרְהוֹן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And it shall come to pass, that instead of sweet spices there shall be rottenness; and instead of a girdle rags; and instead of curled hair baldness; and instead of a stomacher a girding of sackcloth; branding instead of beauty.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:76.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.3.24/