Isaiah 3:9 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

Who acts: show, people · What happens: witness, declare, not hide, show, wrought · To what, where: sin, countenance, evil

This is Isaiah 3:9 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — show, people — and what happens in the verse to sin, countenance, evil, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

הַכָּרַ֤ת פְּנֵיהֶם֙ עָ֣נְתָה בָּ֔ם וְחַטָּאתָ֛ם כִּסְדֹ֥ם הִגִּ֖ידוּ לֹ֣א כִחֵ֑דוּ א֣וֹי לְנַפְשָׁ֔ם כִּֽי־גָמְל֥וּ לָהֶ֖ם רָעָֽה׃

The show of their countenance doth witness against them; and they declare their sin as Sodom, they hide it not. Woe unto their soul! for they have wrought evil unto themselves.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	הַכָּרַ֤ת	הַכָּרָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	4 עָ֣נְתָה	nsubj	the expression
2	פְּנֵי	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 הַכָּרַ֤ת	compound:smixut	their faces
3	הֶם֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 פְּנֵי	nmod:poss	their
4	עָ֣נְתָה	עָנָה	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it has testified
5	בּ	בְּ	ADP	_	6 ָ֔ם	case	against
6	ָ֔ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 עָ֣נְתָה	obl	them
7	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	12 הִגִּ֖ידוּ	cc	and
8	חַטָּאת	חַטָּאת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	12 הִגִּ֖ידוּ	obj	sin
9	ָ֛ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 חַטָּאת	nmod:poss	their
10	כִּ	כְּ	ADP	_	11 סְדֹ֥ם	case	like
11	סְדֹ֥ם	סְדֹם	PROPN	_	12 הִגִּ֖ידוּ	obl	Sodom
12	הִגִּ֖ידוּ	נָגַד	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	4 עָ֣נְתָה	conj	they have declared
13	לֹ֣א	לֹא	ADV	_	14 כִחֵ֑דוּ	advmod	not
14	כִחֵ֑דוּ	כָּחַד	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur Person=3	4 עָ֣נְתָה	parataxis	they have hidden [it]
15	א֣וֹי	אוֹי	INTJ	_	17 נַפְשׁ	nsubj	woe!
16	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	17 נַפְשׁ	case	to
17	נַפְשׁ	נֶפֶשׁ	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 עָ֣נְתָה	parataxis	self
18	ָ֔ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 נַפְשׁ	nmod:poss	their
19	כִּֽי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	20 גָמְל֥וּ	mark	(dm)
20	גָמְל֥וּ	גָּמַל	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	4 עָ֣נְתָה	advcl	they have done
21	ל	לְ	ADP	_	22 ָהֶ֖ם	case	to
22	ָהֶ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 גָמְל֥וּ	obl	themselves
23	רָעָֽה	רָעָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	20 גָמְל֥וּ	obj	harm
24	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	23 רָעָֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
עָנְתָה it has testified	qatal · qal	הַכָּרַת the expression
הִגִּידוּ they have declared	qatal · hiphil	חַטָּאת sin
not כִחֵדוּ they have hidden [it]	qatal · piel		חַטָּאת sin
גָמְלוּ they have done	qatal · qal		רָעָֽה harm

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

אִשְׁתְּמוֹדָעוּת אַפֵּיהוֹן בְּדִינָא אַסְהֵיד בְּהוֹן וַחֲטָאֵיהוֹן כִּסְדוֹמָאֵי קָבְלִין וְלָא מָנְעִין וַי לְנַפְשֵׁיהוֹן אֲרֵי גְרַמוּ דְתֵיתֵי לְהוֹן בִּישָׁא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:61.

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