Isaiah 36:12 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

Who acts: Rab shakeh, master, shakeh, men · What happens: say, send, speak, not send, sit, eat · To what, where: me, master, words, men, wall, own dung · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Isaiah 36:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Rab shakeh, master, shakeh, men — and what happens in the verse to me, master, words, men, wall, own dung, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר רַב־שָׁקֵ֗ה הַאֶ֨ל אֲדֹנֶ֤יךָ וְאֵלֶ֙יךָ֙ שְׁלָחַ֣נִי אֲדֹנִ֔י לְדַבֵּ֖ר אֶת־הַדְּבָרִ֣ים הָאֵ֑לֶּה הֲלֹ֣א עַל־הָאֲנָשִׁ֗ים הַיֹּֽשְׁבִים֙ עַל־הַ֣חוֹמָ֔ה לֶאֱכֹ֣ל אֶת־צוֹאָתָ֗ם וְלִשְׁתּ֛וֹת אֶת־מֵימֵ֥י רַגְלֵיהֶ֖ם עִמָּכֶֽם׃

But Rab-shakeh said: 'Hath my master sent me to thy master, and to thee, to speak these words? hath he not sent me to the men that sit upon the wall, to eat their own dung, and to drink their own water with you?'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּ֣אמֶר	cc	and
2	יֹּ֣אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he said
3	רַב־	רַב־שָׁקֵה	PROPN	_	2 יֹּ֣אמֶר	nsubj	[the] Rab-
4	שָׁקֵ֗ה	רַבְשָׁקֵה	PROPN	_	3 רַב־	compound:smixut	shaqeh
5	הַ	הֲ	PART	_	12 שְׁלָח	advmod	?
6	אֶ֨ל	אֶל	ADP	_	7 אֲדֹנֶ֤י	case	to
7	אֲדֹנֶ֤י	אָדוֹן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	12 שְׁלָח	obl	master(s)
8	ךָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	7 אֲדֹנֶ֤י	nmod:poss	your
9	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 ךָ֙	cc	and
10	אֵלֶ֙י	אֶל	ADP	_	11 ךָ֙	case	to
11	ךָ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	7 אֲדֹנֶ֤י	conj	you
12	שְׁלָח	שָׁלַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֹּ֣אמֶר	ccomp	has
13	ַ֣נִי	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	12 שְׁלָח	obj	he sent me
14	אֲדֹנ	אָדוֹן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	12 שְׁלָח	nsubj	master
15	ִ֔י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	14 אֲדֹנ	nmod:poss	my
16	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	17 דַבֵּ֖ר	case	to
17	דַבֵּ֖ר	דָבַר	VERB	HebBinyan=PIEL	12 שְׁלָח	advcl	speak
18	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	20 דְּבָרִ֣ים	case	(et)
19	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	20 דְּבָרִ֣ים	det	the
20	דְּבָרִ֣ים	דָּבָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	17 דַבֵּ֖ר	obj	words
21	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	22 אֵ֑לֶּה	det	(the)
22	אֵ֑לֶּה	אֵלֶּה	DET	Gender=Com Number=Plur PronType=Dem	20 דְּבָרִ֣ים	det	these
23	הֲ	הֲ	PART	_	24 לֹ֣א	advmod	?
24	לֹ֣א	לֹא	ADV	_	12 שְׁלָח	parataxis	not
25	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	27 אֲנָשִׁ֗ים	case	to
26	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	27 אֲנָשִׁ֗ים	det	the
27	אֲנָשִׁ֗ים	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	24 לֹ֣א	obl	men
28	הַ	הַ	SCONJ	_	29 יֹּֽשְׁבִים֙	mark	[who
29	יֹּֽשְׁבִים֙	יָשַׁב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	27 אֲנָשִׁ֗ים	acl:relcl	are] sitting
30	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	32 חוֹמָ֔ה	case	on
31	הַ֣	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	32 חוֹמָ֔ה	det	the
32	חוֹמָ֔ה	חוֹמָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	29 יֹּֽשְׁבִים֙	obl	wall
33	לֶ	לְ	ADP	_	34 אֱכֹ֣ל	case	to
34	אֱכֹ֣ל	אָכַל	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	29 יֹּֽשְׁבִים֙	advcl	eat
35	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	36 צוֹאָת	case	(et)
36	צוֹאָת	צֹאָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	34 אֱכֹ֣ל	obj	excrement
37	ָ֗ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	36 צוֹאָת	nmod:poss	their own
38	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	40 שְׁתּ֛וֹת	cc	and
39	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	40 שְׁתּ֛וֹת	case	to
40	שְׁתּ֛וֹת	שָׁתָה	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	34 אֱכֹ֣ל	conj	drink
41	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	42 מֵימֵ֥י	case	(et)
42	מֵימֵ֥י	מַיִם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	40 שְׁתּ֛וֹת	obj	the water
43	רַגְלֵי	רֶגֶל	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Dual	42 מֵימֵ֥י	compound:smixut	their feet
44	הֶ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	43 רַגְלֵי	nmod:poss	their
45	עִמּ	עִם	ADP	_	46 ָכֶֽם	case	with
46	ָכֶֽם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	40 שְׁתּ֛וֹת	obl	you
47	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	46 ָכֶֽם	punct

Pragmatics

form: yes/no question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	רַב־ [the] Rab-
not שְׁלָח has	qatal · qal	אֲדֹנ master	ַנִי he sent me
דַבֵּר speak	infinitive construct · piel	רַב־ [the] Rab-	דְּבָרִים words
יֹּֽשְׁבִים are] sitting	participle active · qal	אֲנָשִׁים men
אֱכֹל eat	infinitive construct · qal	אֲנָשִׁים men	צוֹאָת excrement
שְׁתּוֹת drink	infinitive construct · qal	אֲנָשִׁים men	מֵימֵי the water

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲמַר רַבְשָׁקֵה הַלְוַת רִבּוֹנָךְ וַעֲלָךְ שַׁלְחַנִי רִבּוֹנִי לְמַלָלָא יַת פִּתְגָמַיָא הָאִלֵין הֲלָא עַל גַבְרַיָא דְיַתְבִין עַל שׁוּרָא לְמֵיכַל יַת מַפְקַתְהוֹן וּלְמִשְׁתֵּי יַת מֵימֵי רִגְלֵיהוֹן בִּצְיָרָא עִמְכוֹן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

But Rab-shakeh said: 'Hath my master sent me to thy master, and to thee, to speak these words? hath he not sent me to the men that sit upon the wall, to eat their own dung, and to drink their own water with you?'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:687.

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