Isaiah 38:17 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

Who acts: I, Thou, my · What happens: have, deliver, cast, pacify · To what, where: great bitterness, bitterness, love, sins, back

This is Isaiah 38:17 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, Thou, my — and what happens in the verse to great bitterness, bitterness, love, sins, back, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

הִנֵּ֥ה לְשָׁל֖וֹם מַר־לִ֣י מָ֑ר וְאַתָּ֞ה חָשַׁ֤קְתָּ נַפְשִׁי֙ מִשַּׁ֣חַת בְּלִ֔י כִּ֥י הִשְׁלַ֛כְתָּ אַחֲרֵ֥י גֵוְךָ֖ כָּל־חֲטָאָֽי׃

Behold, for my peace I had great bitterness; but Thou hast in love to my soul delivered it from the pit of corruption; for Thou hast cast all my sins behind Thy back.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	הִנֵּ֥ה	הִנֵּה	INTJ	_	7 מָ֑ר	discourse	here!
2	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	3 שָׁל֖וֹם	case	for
3	שָׁל֖וֹם	שָׁלוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 מָ֑ר	obl	welfare
4	מַר־	מרר	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 מָ֑ר	nsubj	bitterness
5	ל	לְ	ADP	_	6 ִ֣י	case	to
6	ִ֣י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	7 מָ֑ר	obl	me
7	מָ֑ר	מַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it was bitter
8	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	10 חָשַׁ֤קְתָּ	cc	and
9	אַתָּ֞ה	אַתָּה	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	10 חָשַׁ֤קְתָּ	nsubj	you
10	חָשַׁ֤קְתָּ	חָשַׁק	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	7 מָ֑ר	conj	you loved
11	נַפְשׁ	נֶפֶשׁ	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 חָשַׁ֤קְתָּ	obj	life
12	ִי֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	11 נַפְשׁ	nmod:poss	my
13	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	14 שַּׁ֣חַת	case	from [the]
14	שַּׁ֣חַת	שַׁחַת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	10 חָשַׁ֤קְתָּ	obl	pit
15	בְּלִ֔י	בְּלִי	NOUN	_	14 שַּׁ֣חַת	compound:smixut	of destruction
16	כִּ֥י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	17 הִשְׁלַ֛כְתָּ	mark	(dm)
17	הִשְׁלַ֛כְתָּ	שָׁלַךְ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=2	7 מָ֑ר	advcl	you threw away
18	אַחֲרֵ֥י	אַחַר	ADP	_	19 גֵו	case	behind
19	גֵו	גֵּו	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	17 הִשְׁלַ֛כְתָּ	obl	back
20	ְךָ֖	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	19 גֵו	nmod:poss	your
21	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	17 הִשְׁלַ֛כְתָּ	obj	all
22	חֲטָא	חֵטְא	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	21 כָּל־	compound:smixut	sins
23	ָֽי	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	22 חֲטָא	nmod:poss	my
24	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	23 ָֽי	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
מָר it was bitter	qatal · qal	מַר־ bitterness
חָשַׁקְתָּ you loved	qatal · qal	אַתָּה you	נַפְשׁ life
הִשְׁלַכְתָּ you threw away	qatal · hiphil	חֲטָא sins

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

הָא לְעָבְדֵי אוֹרַיְתָא סַגִי שְׁלָמָא קָדָמָךְ וְאַתְּ מַיְיתֵי מְרִירָא לְרַשִׁיעַיָא בְּכֵן כַּד יְדָעִית יוֹם מוֹתִי שְׁפָכִית דִמְעֲתִי בִּצְלוֹ קֳדָמָךְ מַר לִי סַגִי וְאַתְּ אִתְרְעֵיתָא בְּחַיֵי בְּדִיל דְלָא לְחַבָּלָא נַפְשִׁי אֲרֵי אַרְחֵיקְתָּא מִן קֳדָמָךְ כָּל חֲטָאָי:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Behold, for my peace I had great bitterness; but Thou hast in love to my soul delivered it from the pit of corruption; for Thou hast cast all my sins behind Thy back.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:752.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.38.17/