Isaiah 40:26 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

Who acts: you, whirlwind, one · What happens: lift up, see, create, bring out, call, be · To what, where: eyes, these, host, power · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Isaiah 40:26 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, whirlwind, one — and what happens in the verse to eyes, these, host, power, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

שְׂאוּ־מָר֨וֹם עֵינֵיכֶ֤ם וּרְאוּ֙ מִי־בָרָ֣א אֵ֔לֶּה הַמּוֹצִ֥יא בְמִסְפָּ֖ר צְבָאָ֑ם לְכֻלָּם֙ בְּשֵׁ֣ם יִקְרָ֔א מֵרֹ֤ב אוֹנִים֙ וְאַמִּ֣יץ כֹּ֔חַ אִ֖ישׁ לֹ֥א נֶעְדָּֽר׃ס

Lift up your eyes on high, and see: who hath created these? He that bringeth out their host by number, He calleth them all by name; by the greatness of His might, and for that He is strong in power, not one faileth.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	שְׂאוּ־	נָשָׂא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	root	root	lift up
2	מָר֨וֹם	מָרוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	1 שְׂאוּ־	obl	height
3	עֵינֵי	עַיִן	NOUN	Number=Dual	1 שְׂאוּ־	obj	eyes
4	כֶ֤ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	3 עֵינֵי	nmod:poss	your
5	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	6 רְאוּ֙	cc	and
6	רְאוּ֙	רָאָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	1 שְׂאוּ־	conj	see
7	מִי־	מִי	PRON	PronType=Int	8 בָרָ֣א	nsubj	who?
8	בָרָ֣א	בָּרָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	1 שְׂאוּ־	parataxis	did he create
9	אֵ֔לֶּה	אֵלֶּה	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur PronType=Dem	8 בָרָ֣א	obj	these
10	הַ	הַ	SCONJ	_	11 מּוֹצִ֥יא	mark	the [one
11	מּוֹצִ֥יא	יָצָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing	1 שְׂאוּ־	parataxis	who] brings out
12	בְ	בְּ	ADP	_	13 מִסְפָּ֖ר	case	by
13	מִסְפָּ֖ר	מִסְפָּר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 מּוֹצִ֥יא	obl	number
14	צְבָא	צָבָא	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 מּוֹצִ֥יא	obj	host
15	ָ֑ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 צְבָא	nmod:poss	their
16	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	17 כֻלּ	case	(to) all
17	כֻלּ	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	21 יִקְרָ֔א	obl	of
18	ָם֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 כֻלּ	nmod:poss	them
19	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	20 שֵׁ֣ם	case	by
20	שֵׁ֣ם	שֵׁם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	21 יִקְרָ֔א	obl	name
21	יִקְרָ֔א	קָרָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	11 מּוֹצִ֥יא	parataxis	he calls
22	מֵ	מִן	ADP	_	23 רֹ֤ב	case	from
23	רֹ֤ב	רֹב	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 נֶעְדָּֽר	obl	greatness
24	אוֹנִים֙	אוֹן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	23 רֹ֤ב	compound:smixut	of strength(s)
25	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	26 אַמִּ֣יץ	cc	and
26	אַמִּ֣יץ	אַמִּיץ	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	23 רֹ֤ב	conj	a strong [one]
27	כֹּ֔חַ	כֹּחַ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	26 אַמִּ֣יץ	compound:smixut	of power
28	אִ֖ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	30 נֶעְדָּֽר	nsubj	any
29	לֹ֥א	לֹא	ADV	_	30 נֶעְדָּֽר	advmod	not
30	נֶעְדָּֽר	עָדַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3	1 שְׂאוּ־	parataxis	it is missing
31	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	30 נֶעְדָּֽר	punct
32	ס	ס	PUNCT	_	30 נֶעְדָּֽר	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: request
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
שְׂאוּ־ lift up	imperative · qal		עֵינֵי eyes
רְאוּ see	imperative · qal
בָרָא did he create	qatal · qal	מִי־ who?	אֵלֶּה these
מּוֹצִיא who] brings out	participle active · hiphil	צְבָא host
יִקְרָא he calls	yiqtol · qal
not נֶעְדָּֽר it is missing	qatal · niphal	אִישׁ any

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

זְקוּפוּ לְרוּמָא עֵינֵיכוֹן וַחֲזוּ לְמִדְחַל קֳדָם מַן דִבְרָא אִלֵין דְאַפֵּיק בְּמִנְיָן חֵילֵי שְׁמַיָא לְכוּלְהוֹן בְּשִׁמְהָן קָרֵי מַסְגֵי גְבוּרָן וּתְקוֹף חֵיל חַד מִסִדְרֵהּ לָא מִתְעַכָּב:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:791.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.40.26/