Isaiah 40:28 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

Who acts: thou, everlasting God, discernment, God · What happens: not know, not hear, not faint, be, search out, discern · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Isaiah 40:28 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thou, everlasting God, discernment, God — and what happens in the verse, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

הֲל֨וֹא יָדַ֜עְתָּ אִם־לֹ֣א שָׁמַ֗עְתָּ אֱלֹהֵ֨י עוֹלָ֤ם ׀ יְהוָה֙ בּוֹרֵא֙ קְצ֣וֹת הָאָ֔רֶץ לֹ֥א יִיעַ֖ף וְלֹ֣א יִיגָ֑ע אֵ֥ין חֵ֖קֶר לִתְבוּנָתֽוֹ׃

Hast thou not known? hast thou not heard that the everlasting God, the LORD, the Creator of the ends of the earth, fainteth not, neither is weary? His discernment is past searching out.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	הֲ	הֲ	PART	_	3 יָדַ֜עְתָּ	advmod	?
2	ל֨וֹא	לֹא	ADV	_	3 יָדַ֜עְתָּ	advmod	not
3	יָדַ֜עְתָּ	יָדַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	root	root	do you know
4	אִם־	אִם	SCONJ	_	6 שָׁמַ֗עְתָּ	mark	or?
5	לֹ֣א	לֹא	ADV	_	6 שָׁמַ֗עְתָּ	advmod	not
6	שָׁמַ֗עְתָּ	שָׁמַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	3 יָדַ֜עְתָּ	parataxis	have you heard
7	אֱלֹהֵ֨י	אֱלֹהִים	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	16 יִיעַ֖ף	nsubj	[is] a God
8	עוֹלָ֤ם	עוֹלָם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 אֱלֹהֵ֨י	compound:smixut	of perpetuity
9	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	8 עוֹלָ֤ם	punct
10	יְהוָה֙	יהוה	PROPN	_	7 אֱלֹהֵ֨י	appos	Yahweh
11	בּוֹרֵא֙	בָּרָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	7 אֱלֹהֵ֨י	appos	[the one who] created
12	קְצ֣וֹת	קָצָה	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 בּוֹרֵא֙	obj	the ends
13	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	14 אָ֔רֶץ	det	of
14	אָ֔רֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 קְצ֣וֹת	compound:smixut	the earth
15	לֹ֥א	לֹא	ADV	_	16 יִיעַ֖ף	advmod	not
16	יִיעַ֖ף	יָעֵף	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	3 יָדַ֜עְתָּ	parataxis	he grows weary
17	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	19 יִיגָ֑ע	cc	and
18	לֹ֣א	לֹא	ADV	_	19 יִיגָ֑ע	advmod	not
19	יִיגָ֑ע	יָגֵעַ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	3 יָדַ֜עְתָּ	conj	he becomes weary
20	אֵ֥ין	אַיִן	ADV	_	3 יָדַ֜עְתָּ	parataxis	there [is] not
21	חֵ֖קֶר	חֵקֶר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	20 אֵ֥ין	nsubj	searching
22	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	23 תְבוּנָת	case	to
23	תְבוּנָת	תְּבוּנָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	20 אֵ֥ין	obl	understanding
24	ֽוֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 תְבוּנָת	nmod:poss	his
25	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	24 ֽוֹ	punct

Pragmatics

form: yes/no question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
not יָדַעְתָּ do you know	qatal · qal
not שָׁמַעְתָּ have you heard	qatal · qal
בּוֹרֵא [the one who] created	participle active · qal	אֱלֹהֵי [is] a God	קְצוֹת the ends
not יִיעַף he grows weary	yiqtol · qal	אֱלֹהֵי [is] a God
not יִיגָע he becomes weary	yiqtol · qal	אֱלֹהֵי [is] a God

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

הֲלָא יְדַעְתָּא אִם לָא שְׁמַעְתָּא אֱלָהָא עַלְמָא יְיָ דִי בְרָא יְסוֹדֵי אַרְעָא לָא בַעֲמַל וְלָא בְלֵיאוּ לֵית סוֹף לְסוּכְלְתָנוּתֵיהּ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:793.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.40.28/