Isaiah 40:28 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2
Hast thou not known? hast thou not heard that the everlasting God, the LORD, the Creator of the ends of the earth, fainteth not, neither is weary?
Who acts: thou, everlasting God · What happens: not know, not hear, not faint, be · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Isaiah 40:28 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thou, everlasting God), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hast | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 known | aux |
| 2 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 4 known | nsubj |
| 3 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 4 known | advmod |
| 4 | known | know | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 5 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 known | punct |
| 6 | hast | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 heard | aux |
| 7 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 9 heard | nsubj |
| 8 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 9 heard | advmod |
| 9 | heard | hear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 4 known | parataxis |
| 10 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 27 fainteth | mark |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 God | det |
| 12 | everlasting | everlasting | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 God | amod |
| 13 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 fainteth | nsubj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 LORD | punct |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 LORD | det |
| 16 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 God | appos |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 Creator | punct |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 Creator | det |
| 19 | Creator | creator | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 God | appos |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 ends | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 ends | det |
| 22 | ends | end | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 Creator | nmod |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 earth | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 earth | det |
| 25 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 ends | nmod |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 fainteth | punct |
| 27 | fainteth | faint | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 heard | ccomp |
| 28 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 27 fainteth | advmod |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 weary | punct |
| 30 | neither | neither | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 32 weary | cc |
| 31 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 weary | cop |
| 32 | weary | weary | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 fainteth | conj |
| 33 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 9 heard | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- yes/no question
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- indirect
- yes
- teacher
- changed act=assert
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not know | present · perfect | thou | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 2 | not hear | present · perfect | thou | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 3 | not faint | present | the everlasting God | vn change_bodily_state-40.8.4 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 4 | is | present | the everlasting God not said here | weary property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
הֲל֨וֹא יָדַ֜עְתָּ אִם־לֹ֣א שָׁמַ֗עְתָּ אֱלֹהֵ֨י עוֹלָ֤ם ׀ יְהוָה֙ בּוֹרֵא֙ קְצ֣וֹת הָאָ֔רֶץ לֹ֥א יִיעַ֖ף וְלֹ֣א יִיגָ֑ע אֵ֥ין חֵ֖קֶר לִתְבוּנָתֽוֹ׃
Isaiah 40:28: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
This verse in JPS 1917:
- Hast thou not known? hast thou not heard that the everlasting God, the LORD, the Creator of the ends of the earth, fainteth not, neither is weary?
- His discernment is past searching out.
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:ISA:868 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.868/