Isaiah 40:30 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ
Who acts: youths, young men · What happens: faint, be, fall
This is Isaiah 40:30 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — youths, young men — and what happens in the verse, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
וְיִֽעֲפ֥וּ נְעָרִ֖ים וְיִגָ֑עוּ וּבַחוּרִ֖ים כָּשׁ֥וֹל יִכָּשֵֽׁלוּ׃
Even the youths shall faint and be weary, and the young men shall utterly fall;
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 2 יִֽעֲפ֥וּ | cc | and |
| 2 | יִֽעֲפ֥וּ | יָעֵף | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3 | root | root | they grow weary |
| 3 | נְעָרִ֖ים | נַעַר | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 2 יִֽעֲפ֥וּ | nsubj | youths |
| 4 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 5 יִגָ֑עוּ | cc | and |
| 5 | יִגָ֑עוּ | יָגֵעַ | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3 | 2 יִֽעֲפ֥וּ | conj | they become weary |
| 6 | וּ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 9 יִכָּשֵֽׁלוּ | cc | and |
| 7 | בַחוּרִ֖ים | בָּחוּר | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 9 יִכָּשֵֽׁלוּ | nsubj | young men |
| 8 | כָּשׁ֥וֹל | כָּשַׁל | VERB | HebBinyan=QAL | 9 יִכָּשֵֽׁלוּ | obl:npmod | surely (stumble) |
| 9 | יִכָּשֵֽׁלוּ | כָּשַׁל | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Plur Person=3 | 2 יִֽעֲפ֥וּ | conj | they stumble |
| 10 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 9 יִכָּשֵֽׁלוּ | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- inside a quote begun earlier
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| יִֽעֲפוּ they grow weary | yiqtol · qal | נְעָרִים youths | |||
| יִגָעוּ they become weary | yiqtol · qal | נְעָרִים youths | |||
| יִכָּשֵֽׁלוּ they stumble | yiqtol · niphal | בַחוּרִים young men |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
וְיִשְׁתַּלְהוּן עוּלֵימִין חַיָבִין וְיִלְאוּן וּרְוָקֵי רַשִׁיעַיָא אִיתְּקָלָא יִתְקְלוּן:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:795.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.40.30/