Isaiah 41:2 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

Who acts: victory, sword · What happens: raise up, attend, give, make, rule, drive · To what, where: one, east, nations, victory

This is Isaiah 41:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — victory, sword — and what happens in the verse to one, east, nations, victory, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

מִ֤י הֵעִיר֙ מִמִּזְרָ֔ח צֶ֖דֶק יִקְרָאֵ֣הוּ לְרַגְל֑וֹ יִתֵּ֨ן לְפָנָ֤יו גּוֹיִם֙ וּמְלָכִ֣ים יַ֔רְדְּ יִתֵּ֤ן כֶּֽעָפָר֙ חַרְבּ֔וֹ כְּקַ֥שׁ נִדָּ֖ף קַשְׁתּֽוֹ׃

Who hath raised up one from the east, at whose steps victory attendeth? He giveth nations before him, and maketh him rule over kings; his sword maketh them as the dust, his bow as the driven stubble.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	מִ֤י	מִי	PRON	PronType=Int	2 הֵעִיר֙	nsubj	who?
2	הֵעִיר֙	עוּר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	has he stirred up
3	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	4 מִּזְרָ֔ח	case	from [the]
4	מִּזְרָ֔ח	מִזְרָח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 הֵעִיר֙	obl	east
5	צֶ֖דֶק	צֶדֶק	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 הֵעִיר֙	obj	righteousness
6	יִקְרָא	קָרָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 הֵעִיר֙	parataxis	it
7	ֵ֣הוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 יִקְרָא	obj	meets him
8	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	9 רַגְל	case	to
9	רַגְל	רֶגֶל	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	6 יִקְרָא	obl	foot
10	֑וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 רַגְל	nmod:poss	his
11	יִתֵּ֨ן	נָתַן	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	6 יִקְרָא	ccomp	he delivers up
12	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	13 פָנָ֤י	case	before
13	פָנָ֤י	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 יִתֵּ֨ן	obl
14	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 פָנָ֤י	nmod:poss	him
15	גּוֹיִם֙	גּוֹי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	11 יִתֵּ֨ן	obj	nations
16	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	18 יַ֔רְדְּ	cc	and
17	מְלָכִ֣ים	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	18 יַ֔רְדְּ	obj	kings
18	יַ֔רְדְּ	רָדָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	11 יִתֵּ֨ן	conj	he causes to rule
19	יִתֵּ֤ן	נָתַן	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	11 יִתֵּ֨ן	parataxis	he makes [them]
20	כֶּֽ	כְּ	ADP	_	22 עָפָר֙	case	like
21	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	22 עָפָר֙	det	(the)
22	עָפָר֙	עָפָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	19 יִתֵּ֤ן	obl	dust
23	חַרְבּ	חֶרֶב	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	19 יִתֵּ֤ן	obl	sword
24	֔וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 חַרְבּ	nmod:poss	his
25	כְּ	כְּ	ADP	_	26 קַ֥שׁ	case	like
26	קַ֥שׁ	קַשׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	19 יִתֵּ֤ן	parataxis	chaff
27	נִדָּ֖ף	נָדַף	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing	26 קַ֥שׁ	nmod	[which is] driven about
28	קַשְׁתּ	קֶשֶׁת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	26 קַ֥שׁ	obl	bow
29	ֽוֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	28 קַשְׁתּ	nmod:poss	his
30	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	29 ֽוֹ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · assert · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
הֵעִיר has he stirred up	qatal · hiphil	צֶדֶק righteousness		מִי who?
יִקְרָא it	yiqtol · qal	מִי who?	ֵהוּ meets him
יִתֵּן he delivers up	yiqtol · qal	מִי who?	גּוֹיִם nations
יַרְדְּ he causes to rule	yiqtol · hiphil	צֶדֶק righteousness	מְלָכִים kings
יִתֵּן he makes [them]	yiqtol · qal	צֶדֶק righteousness

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

מַן אַיְתֵי בִגְלַאי מִמַדִינְחָא אַבְרָהָם בְּחִיר צַדִיקַיָא בִּקְשׁוֹט קַרְבֵהּ לְאַתְרֵהּ מְסַר קֳדָמוֹהִי עַמְמִין וּמַלְכִין תַּקִיפִין תְּבַר רְמָא כְּעַפְרָא קָטוֹלִין קֳדָם חַרְבֵּהּ כְּקַשָׁא רְדוֹפִין קֳדָם קַשְׁתֵּהּ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:798.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.41.2/