Isaiah 41:1 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

Who acts: you, peoples, us · What happens: keep, let, renew, draw, speak, come · To what, where: silence, peoples, strength, us, judgment · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Isaiah 41:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, peoples, us — and what happens in the verse to silence, peoples, strength, us, judgment, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

הַחֲרִ֤ישׁוּ אֵלַי֙ אִיִּ֔ים וּלְאֻמִּ֖ים יַחֲלִ֣יפוּ כֹ֑חַ יִגְּשׁוּ֙ אָ֣ז יְדַבֵּ֔רוּ יַחְדָּ֖ו לַמִּשְׁפָּ֥ט נִקְרָֽבָה׃

Keep silence before Me, O islands, and let the peoples renew their strength; let them draw near, then let them speak; let us come near together to judgment.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	הַחֲרִ֤ישׁוּ	חָרֵשׁ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=2	root	root	be silent
2	אֵל	אֶל	ADP	_	3 ַי֙	case	to
3	ַי֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	1 הַחֲרִ֤ישׁוּ	obl	me
4	אִיִּ֔ים	אִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	1 הַחֲרִ֤ישׁוּ	parataxis	O islands
5	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	7 יַחֲלִ֣יפוּ	cc	and
6	לְאֻמִּ֖ים	לְאֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	7 יַחֲלִ֣יפוּ	nsubj	peoples
7	יַחֲלִ֣יפוּ	חָלַף	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	1 הַחֲרִ֤ישׁוּ	conj	let them renew
8	כֹ֑חַ	כֹּחַ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 יַחֲלִ֣יפוּ	obj	strength
9	יִגְּשׁוּ֙	נָגַשׁ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	1 הַחֲרִ֤ישׁוּ	parataxis	let them approach
10	אָ֣ז	אָז	ADV	_	11 יְדַבֵּ֔רוּ	advmod	then
11	יְדַבֵּ֔רוּ	דָבַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur Person=3	1 הַחֲרִ֤ישׁוּ	parataxis	let them speak
12	יַחְדָּ֖ו	יָחְדָּו	ADV	_	16 נִקְרָֽבָה	advmod	together
13	לַ	לְ	ADP	_	15 מִּשְׁפָּ֥ט	case	for
14	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	15 מִּשְׁפָּ֥ט	det	(the)
15	מִּשְׁפָּ֥ט	מִשְׁפָּט	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	16 נִקְרָֽבָה	obl	judgment
16	נִקְרָֽבָה	קָרַב	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=1	11 יְדַבֵּ֔רוּ	ccomp	let us draw near
17	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	16 נִקְרָֽבָה	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: request
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · assert · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	who makes it happen (AA)
הַחֲרִישׁוּ be silent	imperative · hiphil	אִיִּים O islands
יַחֲלִיפוּ let them renew	yiqtol · hiphil	כֹחַ strength	לְאֻמִּים peoples
יִגְּשׁוּ let them approach	yiqtol · qal	לְאֻמִּים peoples
יְדַבֵּרוּ let them speak	yiqtol · piel	לְאֻמִּים peoples
נִקְרָֽבָה let us draw near	cohortative · qal	לְאֻמִּים peoples

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

אֲצִיתוּ לְמֵימְרִי נַגְוָן וּמַלְכְּוָן יוֹסְפוּן חֵיל יִתְקָרְבוּן בְּכֵן יְמַלְלוּן כַּחֲדָא לְדִינָא נִתְקְרָב:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Keep silence before Me, O islands, and let the peoples renew their strength; let them draw near, then let them speak; let us come near together to judgment.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:797.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.41.1/