Isaiah 41:24 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ
Who acts: ye, abomination, your · What happens: be, choose, work · To what, where: nothing, God, you
This is Isaiah 41:24 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — ye, abomination, your — and what happens in the verse to nothing, God, you, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
הֵן־אַתֶּ֣ם מֵאַ֔יִן וּפָעָלְכֶ֖ם מֵאָ֑פַע תּוֹעֵבָ֖ה יִבְחַ֥ר בָּכֶֽם׃
Behold, ye are nothing, and your work a thing of nought; an abomination is he that chooseth you.
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | הֵן־ | הֵן | INTJ | _ | 4 אַ֔יִן | discourse | here! |
| 2 | אַתֶּ֣ם | אַתֶּם | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs | 4 אַ֔יִן | nsubj | you |
| 3 | מֵ | מִן | ADP | _ | 4 אַ֔יִן | case | [are] from |
| 4 | אַ֔יִן | אַיִן | NOUN | _ | root | root | nothing |
| 5 | וּ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 9 אָ֑פַע | cc | and |
| 6 | פָעָל | פֹּעַל | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 9 אָ֑פַע | nsubj | work |
| 7 | ְכֶ֖ם | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs | 6 פָעָל | nmod:poss | your |
| 8 | מֵ | מִן | ADP | _ | 9 אָ֑פַע | case | [is] from |
| 9 | אָ֑פַע | אֶפַע | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 4 אַ֔יִן | conj | something worthless |
| 10 | תּוֹעֵבָ֖ה | תּוֹעֵבַה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 4 אַ֔יִן | parataxis | [is] an abomination |
| 11 | יִבְחַ֥ר | בָּחַר | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 10 תּוֹעֵבָ֖ה | nsubj | [one who] he chooses |
| 12 | בּ | בְּ | ADP | _ | 13 ָכֶֽם | case | (in) |
| 13 | ָכֶֽם | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs | 11 יִבְחַ֥ר | obl | you |
| 14 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 13 ָכֶֽם | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- inside a quote begun earlier
- negation
- yes
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| יִבְחַר [one who] he chooses | yiqtol · qal |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
הָא אַתּוּן לְמָא וְעוֹבָדֵיכוֹן לָא מִדָעַם תּוֹעֵיבָא דְאַתְרְעִיתוּן בֵּיהּ לְכוֹן:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:820.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.41.24/