Isaiah 43:28 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ
Who acts: I · What happens: profane, give · To what, where: princes, Jacob, condemnation
This is Isaiah 43:28 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I — and what happens in the verse to princes, Jacob, condemnation, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
וַאֲחַלֵּ֖ל שָׂ֣רֵי קֹ֑דֶשׁ וְאֶתְּנָ֤ה לַחֵ֙רֶם֙ יַעֲקֹ֔ב וְיִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לְגִדּוּפִֽים׃ס
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | וַ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 2 אֲחַלֵּ֖ל | cc | and |
| 2 | אֲחַלֵּ֖ל | חָלַל | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=1 | root | root | I will profane |
| 3 | שָׂ֣רֵי | שַׂר | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 2 אֲחַלֵּ֖ל | obj | [the] officials |
| 4 | קֹ֑דֶשׁ | קֹדֶשׁ | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 3 שָׂ֣רֵי | compound:smixut | of holiness |
| 5 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 6 אֶתְּנָ֤ה | cc | and |
| 6 | אֶתְּנָ֤ה | נָתַן | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1 | 2 אֲחַלֵּ֖ל | conj | I will give |
| 7 | לַ | לְ | ADP | _ | 9 חֵ֙רֶם֙ | case | to (the) |
| 8 | ה | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 9 חֵ֙רֶם֙ | det | total |
| 9 | חֵ֙רֶם֙ | חֵרֶם | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 6 אֶתְּנָ֤ה | obl | destruction |
| 10 | יַעֲקֹ֔ב | יַעֲקֹב | PROPN | _ | 6 אֶתְּנָ֤ה | obj | Jacob |
| 11 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 12 יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל | cc | and |
| 12 | יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל | יִשְׂרָאֵל | PROPN | _ | 6 אֶתְּנָ֤ה | conj | Israel |
| 13 | לְ | לְ | ADP | _ | 14 גִדּוּפִֽים | case | to |
| 14 | גִדּוּפִֽים | גִּדּוּף | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל | obl | reviling words |
| 15 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 14 גִדּוּפִֽים | punct | |
| 16 | ס | ס | PUNCT | _ | 14 גִדּוּפִֽים | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- request
- voice
- character
- speech
- inside a quote begun earlier
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| אֲחַלֵּל I will profane | yiqtol · piel | שָׂרֵי [the] officials | |||
| אֶתְּנָה I will give | cohortative · qal | יַעֲקֹב Jacob |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
וְאַפֵּיס רַבְרְבֵי קוּדְשָׁא וְאֶמְסַר לְקַטָלָא יַעֲקֹב וְיִשְׂרָאֵל לְחִסוּדִין:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:878.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.43.28/