Isaiah 45:10 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

Who acts: Woe, thou · What happens: say, beget, travail · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Isaiah 45:10 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Woe, thou — and what happens in the verse, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

ה֛וֹי אֹמֵ֥ר לְאָ֖ב מַה־תּוֹלִ֑יד וּלְאִשָּׁ֖ה מַה־תְּחִילִֽין׃ס

Woe unto him that saith unto his father: 'Wherefore begettest thou?' Or to a woman: 'Wherefore travailest thou?'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	ה֛וֹי	הוֹי	INTJ	_	root	root	woe to!
2	אֹמֵ֥ר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	1 ה֛וֹי	parataxis	[one who] says
3	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	4 אָ֖ב	case	to
4	אָ֖ב	אָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 אֹמֵ֥ר	obl	a father
5	מַה־	מָה	PRON	PronType=Int	6 תּוֹלִ֑יד	obj	what?
6	תּוֹלִ֑יד	יָלַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=2	2 אֹמֵ֥ר	ccomp	are you fathering
7	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 תְּחִילִֽי	cc	and
8	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	9 אִשָּׁ֖ה	case	to
9	אִשָּׁ֖ה	אִשָּׁה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	11 תְּחִילִֽי	obl	a woman
10	מַה־	מָה	PRON	PronType=Int	11 תְּחִילִֽי	obj	what?
11	תְּחִילִֽי	חיל	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	2 אֹמֵ֥ר	conj	are
12	ן	נ	X	_	11 תְּחִילִֽי	nmod	you in labor with
13	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	12 ן	punct
14	ס	ס	PUNCT	_	12 ן	punct

Pragmatics

form: wh-question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
indirect: yes
the frame alone: decl · assert · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
אֹמֵר [one who] says	participle active · qal		תּוֹלִיד are you fathering
תּוֹלִיד are you fathering	yiqtol · hiphil	מַה־ what?		אָב a father
תְּחִילִֽי are	yiqtol · qal	אִשָּׁה a woman	מַה־ what?

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַי דַאֲמַר לְאָב מַה תּוֹלִיד וּלְאִתְּתָא מַה תֶּעְדִין:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Woe unto him that saith unto his father: 'Wherefore begettest thou?' Or to a woman: 'Wherefore travailest thou?'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:916.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.45.10/