Isaiah 45:20 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

Who acts: you, nations, knowledge, god · What happens: assemble, come, draw, escape, have, carry · To what, where: yourselves, knowledge, wood

This is Isaiah 45:20 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, nations, knowledge, god — and what happens in the verse to yourselves, knowledge, wood, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

הִקָּבְצ֥וּ וָבֹ֛אוּ הִֽתְנַגְּשׁ֥וּ יַחְדָּ֖ו פְּלִיטֵ֣י הַגּוֹיִ֑ם לֹ֣א יָדְע֗וּ הַנֹּֽשְׂאִים֙ אֶת־עֵ֣ץ פִּסְלָ֔ם וּמִתְפַּלְלִ֔ים אֶל־אֵ֖ל לֹ֥א יוֹשִֽׁיעַ׃

Assemble yourselves and come, draw near together, ye that are escaped of the nations; they have no knowledge that carry the wood of their graven image, and pray unto a god that cannot save.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	הִקָּבְצ֥וּ	קָבַץ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Plur Person=2	root	root	gather together
2	וָ	וְ	CCONJ	_	3 בֹ֛אוּ	cc	and
3	בֹ֛אוּ	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	1 הִקָּבְצ֥וּ	conj	come
4	הִֽתְנַגְּשׁ֥וּ	נָגַשׁ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HITHPAEL Number=Plur Person=2	1 הִקָּבְצ֥וּ	parataxis	draw near
5	יַחְדָּ֖ו	יָחְדָּו	ADV	_	4 הִֽתְנַגְּשׁ֥וּ	advmod	together
6	פְּלִיטֵ֣י	פָּלִיט	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	1 הִקָּבְצ֥וּ	parataxis	O fugitives
7	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	8 גּוֹיִ֑ם	det	of
8	גּוֹיִ֑ם	גּוֹי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	6 פְּלִיטֵ֣י	compound:smixut	the nations
9	לֹ֣א	לֹא	ADV	_	10 יָדְע֗וּ	advmod	not
10	יָדְע֗וּ	יָדַע	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	1 הִקָּבְצ֥וּ	parataxis	they know
11	הַ	הַ	SCONJ	_	12 נֹּֽשְׂאִים֙	mark	[those
12	נֹּֽשְׂאִים֙	נָשָׂא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	10 יָדְע֗וּ	nsubj	who] carry
13	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	14 עֵ֣ץ	case	(et)
14	עֵ֣ץ	עֵץ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	12 נֹּֽשְׂאִים֙	obj	the wood
15	פִּסְל	פֶּסֶל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 עֵ֣ץ	compound:smixut	their idol
16	ָ֔ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 פִּסְל	nmod:poss	their
17	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	18 מִתְפַּלְלִ֔ים	cc	and
18	מִתְפַּלְלִ֔ים	פָּלַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HITHPAEL Number=Plur	12 נֹּֽשְׂאִים֙	conj	[those who] pray
19	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	20 אֵ֖ל	case	to
20	אֵ֖ל	אֵל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	18 מִתְפַּלְלִ֔ים	obl	a god
21	לֹ֥א	לֹא	ADV	_	22 יוֹשִֽׁיעַ	advmod	[which] not
22	יוֹשִֽׁיעַ	יָשַׁע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	20 אֵ֖ל	acl	it will save
23	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	22 יוֹשִֽׁיעַ	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: request
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
הִקָּבְצוּ gather together	imperative · niphal	פְּלִיטֵי O fugitives
בֹאוּ come	imperative · qal	פְּלִיטֵי O fugitives
הִֽתְנַגְּשׁוּ draw near	imperative · hithpael	פְּלִיטֵי O fugitives
not יָדְעוּ they know	qatal · qal	נֹּֽשְׂאִים who] carry
נֹּֽשְׂאִים who] carry	participle active · qal	פְּלִיטֵי O fugitives	עֵץ the wood
מִתְפַּלְלִים [those who] pray	participle active · hithpael	פְּלִיטֵי O fugitives
not יוֹשִֽׁיעַ it will save	yiqtol · hiphil	אֵל a god

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

אִתְכְּנִישׁוּ וֶאֱתוּ אִתְקְרָבוּ כַחֲדָא מְשֵׁיזְבֵי עַמְמַיָא לָא יָדְעִין דְנָסְבִין יַת אָעֵי צַלְמֵיהוֹן וּבְעָן מִן דַחֲלָא דְלָא יִפְרוֹק:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Assemble yourselves and come, draw near together, ye that are escaped of the nations; they have no knowledge that carry the wood of their graven image, and pray unto a god that cannot save.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:926.

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