Isaiah 48:13 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ
Who acts: hand, right hand, I, heavens · What happens: lay, spread out, call, stand up · To what, where: foundation, heavens · Speech: someone speaks in this verse
This is Isaiah 48:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — hand, right hand, I, heavens — and what happens in the verse to foundation, heavens, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
אַף־יָדִי֙ יָ֣סְדָה אֶ֔רֶץ וִֽימִינִ֖י טִפְּחָ֣ה שָׁמָ֑יִם קֹרֵ֥א אֲנִ֛י אֲלֵיהֶ֖ם יַעַמְד֥וּ יַחְדָּֽו׃
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | אַף־ | אַף | ADV | _ | 2 יָד | advmod | also |
| 2 | יָד | יָד | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 יָ֣סְדָה | nsubj | hand |
| 3 | ִי֙ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 2 יָד | nmod:poss | my |
| 4 | יָ֣סְדָה | יָסַד | VERB | Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | root | root | it founded |
| 5 | אֶ֔רֶץ | אֶרֶץ | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 יָ֣סְדָה | obj | [the] earth |
| 6 | וִֽ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 9 טִפְּחָ֣ה | cc | and |
| 7 | ימִינ | יָמִין | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 9 טִפְּחָ֣ה | nsubj | my right |
| 8 | ִ֖י | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 7 ימִינ | nmod:poss | hand |
| 9 | טִפְּחָ֣ה | טָפַח | VERB | Gender=Fem HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3 | 4 יָ֣סְדָה | conj | it spread out |
| 10 | שָׁמָ֑יִם | שָׁמַיִם | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 9 טִפְּחָ֣ה | obj | [the] heavens |
| 11 | קֹרֵ֥א | קָרָא | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing | 4 יָ֣סְדָה | parataxis | [am] calling |
| 12 | אֲנִ֛י | אֲנִי | PRON | Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 11 קֹרֵ֥א | nsubj | I |
| 13 | אֲלֵי | אֶל | ADP | _ | 14 הֶ֖ם | case | to |
| 14 | הֶ֖ם | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 קֹרֵ֥א | obl | them |
| 15 | יַעַמְד֥וּ | עָמַד | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3 | 11 קֹרֵ֥א | ccomp | they stand |
| 16 | יַחְדָּֽו | יָחְדָּו | ADV | _ | 15 יַעַמְד֥וּ | advmod | together |
| 17 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 16 יַחְדָּֽו | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- a frame and its quote
- negation
- no
- the frame alone
- decl · assert · none
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| יָסְדָה it founded | qatal · qal | יָד hand | אֶרֶץ [the] earth | ||
| טִפְּחָה it spread out | qatal · piel | ימִינ my right | שָׁמָיִם [the] heavens | ||
| קֹרֵא [am] calling | participle active · qal | אֲנִי I | |||
| יַעַמְדוּ they stand | yiqtol · qal | אֶרֶץ [the] earth + שָׁמָיִם [the] heavens |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
אַף בְּמֵימְרִי שַׁכְלֵילִית אַרְעָא וּבִגְבוּרְתִּי תָּלֵית שְׁמַיָא קְרֵית אֲנָא לְהוֹן קָמוּ כַּחֲדָא:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:972.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.48.13/