Isaiah 5:18 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ
Who acts: Woe, iniquity · What happens: draw, sin, be · To what, where: iniquity
This is Isaiah 5:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Woe, iniquity — and what happens in the verse to iniquity, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
ה֛וֹי מֹשְׁכֵ֥י הֶֽעָוֺ֖ן בְּחַבְלֵ֣י הַשָּׁ֑וְא וְכַעֲב֥וֹת הָעֲגָלָ֖ה חַטָּאָֽה׃
Woe unto them that draw iniquity with cords of vanity, and sin as it were with a cart rope,
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ה֛וֹי | הוֹי | INTJ | _ | root | root | woe to! |
| 2 | מֹשְׁכֵ֥י | מָשַׁךְ | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur | 1 ה֛וֹי | parataxis | [those who] draw along |
| 3 | הֶֽ | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 4 עָוֺ֖ן | det | (of |
| 4 | עָוֺ֖ן | עָוֺן | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 מֹשְׁכֵ֥י | obj | [the] iniquity |
| 5 | בְּ | בְּ | ADP | _ | 6 חַבְלֵ֣י | case | with (the) |
| 6 | חַבְלֵ֣י | חֶבֶל | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 מֹשְׁכֵ֥י | obl | cords |
| 7 | הַ | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 8 שָּׁ֑וְא | det | of (the) |
| 8 | שָּׁ֑וְא | שָׁוְא | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 6 חַבְלֵ֣י | compound:smixut | emptiness |
| 9 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 11 עֲב֥וֹת | cc | and |
| 10 | כַ | כְּ | ADP | _ | 11 עֲב֥וֹת | case | like |
| 11 | עֲב֥וֹת | עֲבֹת | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 מֹשְׁכֵ֥י | conj | the rope |
| 12 | הָ | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 13 עֲגָלָ֖ה | det | of (the) |
| 13 | עֲגָלָ֖ה | עֲגָלָה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 11 עֲב֥וֹת | compound:smixut | cart |
| 14 | חַטָּאָֽה | חַטָּאָה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 11 עֲב֥וֹת | obj | sin |
| 15 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 14 חַטָּאָֽה | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- speech
- narration
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| מֹשְׁכֵי [those who] draw along | participle active · qal | עָוֺן [the] iniquity |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
וַי דִמְשָׁרָן לְמֶחֱטֵי צַבְחַר נַגְדִין חוֹבִין בְּחַבְלֵי לְמָא אָזְלִין סָגָן עַד דְתַקִיפִין וְכִגְדִילַת עֶגְלְתָא חוֹבִין:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:102.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.5.18/