Isaiah 5:30 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

Who acts: arrows, one, sea · What happens: roar, look, behold, darken · To what, where: darkness, light, skies

This is Isaiah 5:30 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — arrows, one, sea — and what happens in the verse to darkness, light, skies, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְיִנְהֹ֥ם עָלָ֛יו בַּיּ֥וֹם הַה֖וּא כְּנַהֲמַת־יָ֑ם וְנִבַּ֤ט לָאָ֙רֶץ֙ וְהִנֵּה־חֹ֔שֶׁךְ צַ֣ר וָא֔וֹר חָשַׁ֖ךְ בַּעֲרִיפֶֽיהָ׃פ

And they shall roar against them in that day like the roaring of the sea; and if one look unto the land, behold darkness and distress, and the light is darkened in the skies thereof.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִנְהֹ֥ם	cc	and
2	יִנְהֹ֥ם	נָהַם	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it will growl
3	עָלָ֛י	עַל	ADP	_	4 ו	case	over
4	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 יִנְהֹ֥ם	obl	it
5	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	7 יּ֥וֹם	case	in
6	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	7 יּ֥וֹם	det	the
7	יּ֥וֹם	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יִנְהֹ֥ם	obl	day
8	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	9 ה֖וּא	det	(the)
9	ה֖וּא	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 יּ֥וֹם	det	that
10	כְּ	כְּ	ADP	_	11 נַהֲמַת־	case	like [the]
11	נַהֲמַת־	נְהָמָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	2 יִנְהֹ֥ם	obl	growling
12	יָ֑ם	יָם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 נַהֲמַת־	compound:smixut	of [the] sea
13	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 נִבַּ֤ט	cc	and
14	נִבַּ֤ט	נָבַט	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִנְהֹ֥ם	conj	someone will look
15	לָ	לְ	ADP	_	17 אָ֙רֶץ֙	case	to
16	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	17 אָ֙רֶץ֙	det	the
17	אָ֙רֶץ֙	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 נִבַּ֤ט	obl	land
18	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	20 חֹ֔שֶׁךְ	cc	and
19	הִנֵּה־	הִנֵּה	INTJ	_	20 חֹ֔שֶׁךְ	discourse	there!
20	חֹ֔שֶׁךְ	חֹשֶׁךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יִנְהֹ֥ם	conj	darkness
21	צַ֣ר	צַר	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	20 חֹ֔שֶׁךְ	amod	distress
22	וָ	וְ	CCONJ	_	24 חָשַׁ֖ךְ	cc	and
23	א֔וֹר	אוֹר	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 חָשַׁ֖ךְ	nsubj	light
24	חָשַׁ֖ךְ	חָשַׁךְ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִנְהֹ֥ם	conj	it has become dark
25	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	26 עֲרִיפֶֽי	case	by
26	עֲרִיפֶֽי	עֲרִיפִים	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	24 חָשַׁ֖ךְ	obl	clouds
27	הָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	26 עֲרִיפֶֽי	nmod:poss	its
28	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	27 הָ	punct
29	פ	פ	PUNCT	_	27 הָ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
יִנְהֹם it will growl	yiqtol · qal
נִבַּט someone will look	weqatal · piel
חָשַׁךְ it has become dark	qatal · qal	אוֹר light

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְיַכְלֵי עֲלוֹהִי בְּעִדָנָא הַהִיא כְּאִתְרְגוּשַׁת יַמָא דְאִם יִבְעוֹן רַשִׁיעַיָא סָעֵיד מִיַתְבֵי אַרְעָא עָקָא וּתְבַר אַיְתֵי עֲלֵיהוֹן בְּרַם צַדִיקַיָא דִיהוֹן בְּשַׁעְתָּא הַהִיא יִתְכְּסוּן מִן קֳדָם בִּישְׁתָּא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And they shall roar against them in that day like the roaring of the sea; and if one look unto the land, behold darkness and distress, and the light is darkened in the skies thereof.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:114.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.5.30/