Isaiah 52:4 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

Who acts: Lord GOD, people, Assyrian · What happens: say, go down, sojourn, oppress · To what, where: Egypt, people · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Isaiah 52:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Lord GOD, people, Assyrian — and what happens in the verse to Egypt, people, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

כִּ֣י כֹ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה מִצְרַ֛יִם יָֽרַד־עַמִּ֥י בָרִֽאשֹׁנָ֖ה לָג֣וּר שָׁ֑ם וְאַשּׁ֖וּר בְּאֶ֥פֶס עֲשָׁקֽוֹ׃

For thus saith the Lord GOD: My people went down aforetime into Egypt to sojourn there; and the Assyrian oppressed them without cause.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	כִּ֣י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	3 אָמַר֙	mark	(dm)
2	כֹ֤ה	כֹּה	ADV	_	3 אָמַר֙	advmod	thus
3	אָמַר֙	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he says
4	אֲדֹנ	אֲדֹנָי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	3 אָמַר֙	nsubj	Lord
5	ָ֣י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	4 אֲדֹנ	nmod:poss	[the]
6	יְהוִ֔ה	יְהֹוִה	PROPN	_	4 אֲדֹנ	appos	Yahweh
7	מִצְרַ֛יִם	מִצְרַיִם	PROPN	_	8 יָֽרַד־	obl	Egypt
8	יָֽרַד־	יָרַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	3 אָמַר֙	ccomp	it went down
9	עַמּ	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 יָֽרַד־	nsubj	people
10	ִ֥י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	9 עַמּ	nmod:poss	my
11	בָ	בְּ	ADP	_	13 רִֽאשֹׁנָ֖ה	case	at
12	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	13 רִֽאשֹׁנָ֖ה	det	the former
13	רִֽאשֹׁנָ֖ה	רִאשׁוֹן	ADJ	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	8 יָֽרַד־	obl	[time]
14	לָ	לְ	ADP	_	15 ג֣וּר	case	to
15	ג֣וּר	גּוּר	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	8 יָֽרַד־	advcl	sojourn
16	שָׁ֑ם	שָׁם	ADV	_	15 ג֣וּר	advmod	there
17	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	21 עֲשָׁק	cc	and
18	אַשּׁ֖וּר	אַשּׁוּר	PROPN	_	21 עֲשָׁק	nsubj	Assyria
19	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	20 אֶ֥פֶס	case	for
20	אֶ֥פֶס	אֶפֶס	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	21 עֲשָׁק	obl	nothing
21	עֲשָׁק	עָשַׁק	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	8 יָֽרַד־	conj	it
22	ֽוֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 עֲשָׁק	obj	oppressed it
23	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	22 ֽוֹ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · assert · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
אָמַר he says	qatal · qal	אֲדֹנ Lord
יָֽרַד־ it went down	qatal · qal	עַמּ people
גוּר sojourn	infinitive construct · qal	עַמּ people
עֲשָׁק it	qatal · qal	אַשּׁוּר Assyria	ֽוֹ oppressed it

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

אֲרֵי כִדְנַן אֲמַר יְיָ אֱלֹהִים לְמִצְרַיִם נְחַת עַמִי בְקַדְמֵיתָא לְאִתּוֹתָבָא תַמָן וְאַתּוּרָאָה בִּלְמָא אַנְסֵיהּ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

For thus saith the Lord GOD: My people went down aforetime into Egypt to sojourn there; and the Assyrian oppressed them without cause.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:1045.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.52.4/