Isaiah 59:8 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

Who acts: lips, whosoever · What happens: not know, make, go · To what, where: way, goings, peace

This is Isaiah 59:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — lips, whosoever — and what happens in the verse to way, goings, peace, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

דֶּ֤רֶךְ שָׁלוֹם֙ לֹ֣א יָדָ֔עוּ וְאֵ֥ין מִשְׁפָּ֖ט בְּמַעְגְּלוֹתָ֑ם נְתִיבֽוֹתֵיהֶם֙ עִקְּשׁ֣וּ לָהֶ֔ם כֹּ֚ל דֹּרֵ֣ךְ בָּ֔הּ לֹ֥א יָדַ֖ע שָׁלֽוֹם׃

The way of peace they know not, and there is no right in their goings; they have made them crooked paths, whosoever goeth therein doth not know peace.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	דֶּ֤רֶךְ	דֶּרֶךְ	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 יָדָ֔עוּ	obj	a way
2	שָׁלוֹם֙	שָׁלוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	1 דֶּ֤רֶךְ	compound:smixut	of peace
3	לֹ֣א	לֹא	ADV	_	4 יָדָ֔עוּ	advmod	not
4	יָדָ֔עוּ	יָדַע	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they know
5	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	6 אֵ֥ין	cc	and
6	אֵ֥ין	אַיִן	ADV	_	4 יָדָ֔עוּ	conj	there [is] not
7	מִשְׁפָּ֖ט	מִשְׁפָּט	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 אֵ֥ין	nsubj	justice
8	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	9 מַעְגְּלוֹת	case	on
9	מַעְגְּלוֹת	מַעְגָּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	6 אֵ֥ין	obl	tracks
10	ָ֑ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 מַעְגְּלוֹת	nmod:poss	their
11	נְתִיבֽוֹתֵי	נְתִיבָה	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 עִקְּשׁ֣וּ	obj	paths
12	הֶם֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 נְתִיבֽוֹתֵי	nmod:poss	their
13	עִקְּשׁ֣וּ	עָקַשׁ	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur Person=3	4 יָדָ֔עוּ	parataxis	they have made crooked
14	ל	לְ	ADP	_	15 ָהֶ֔ם	case	(for
15	ָהֶ֔ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 עִקְּשׁ֣וּ	obl	themselves
16	כֹּ֚ל	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	21 יָדַ֖ע	nsubj	any
17	דֹּרֵ֣ךְ	דָּרַךְ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	16 כֹּ֚ל	compound:smixut	[one who] treads
18	בּ	בְּ	ADP	_	19 ָ֔הּ	case	on
19	ָ֔הּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 דֹּרֵ֣ךְ	obl	it
20	לֹ֥א	לֹא	ADV	_	21 יָדַ֖ע	advmod	not
21	יָדַ֖ע	יָדַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	4 יָדָ֔עוּ	parataxis	he knows
22	שָׁלֽוֹם	שָׁלוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	21 יָדַ֖ע	obj	peace
23	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	22 שָׁלֽוֹם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
not יָדָעוּ they know	qatal · qal		דֶּרֶךְ a way
עִקְּשׁוּ they have made crooked	qatal · piel		נְתִיבֽוֹתֵי paths
not יָדַע he knows	qatal · qal	דֹּרֵךְ [one who] treads	שָׁלֽוֹם peace

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

אוֹרַח שְׁלָמָא לָא יָדְעִין וְלֵית דִינָא בִּמְהָכֵיהוֹן שְׁבִילֵיהוֹן עֲקִימוּ לְהוֹן כָּל דְדָרִיךְ בְּהוֹן לָא יְדַע שְׁלָמָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

The way of peace they know not, and there is no right in their goings; they have made them crooked paths, whosoever goeth therein doth not know peace.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:1153.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.59.8/