Isaiah 63:17 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

Who acts: Thou, us, Thy, you, Thine · What happens: make, err, harden, fear, return, inherit · To what, where: us, ways, heart, fear

This is Isaiah 63:17 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Thou, us, Thy, you, Thine — and what happens in the verse to us, ways, heart, fear, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

לָ֣מָּה תַתְעֵ֤נוּ יְהוָה֙ מִדְּרָכֶ֔יךָ תַּקְשִׁ֥יחַ לִבֵּ֖נוּ מִיִּרְאָתֶ֑ךָ שׁ֚וּב לְמַ֣עַן עֲבָדֶ֔יךָ שִׁבְטֵ֖י נַחֲלָתֶֽךָ׃

O LORD, why dost Thou make us to err from Thy ways, and hardenest our heart from Thy fear? Return for Thy servants' sake, the tribes of Thine inheritance.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	לָ֣	לָמָה	ADP	_	2 מָּה	case
2	מָּה	מָה	PRON	PronType=Int	3 תַתְע	obl	why?
3	תַתְע	תָּעָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=2	root	root	do
4	ֵ֤נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	3 תַתְע	obj	you make us wander
5	יְהוָה֙	יהוה	PROPN	_	3 תַתְע	parataxis	O Yahweh
6	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	7 דְּרָכֶ֔י	case	from
7	דְּרָכֶ֔י	דֶּרֶךְ	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 תַתְע	obl	ways
8	ךָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	7 דְּרָכֶ֔י	nmod:poss	your
9	תַּקְשִׁ֥יחַ	קָשַׁח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=2	3 תַתְע	parataxis	do you harden?
10	לִבּ	לֵב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	9 תַּקְשִׁ֥יחַ	obj	heart
11	ֵ֖נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	10 לִבּ	nmod:poss	our
12	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	13 יִּרְאָת	case	from
13	יִּרְאָת	יִרְאָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	9 תַּקְשִׁ֥יחַ	obl	fear
14	ֶ֑ךָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	13 יִּרְאָת	nmod:poss	of you
15	שׁ֚וּב	שׁוּב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	3 תַתְע	parataxis	return
16	לְמַ֣עַן	לְמַעַן	ADP	_	17 עֲבָדֶ֔י	case	for the sake of
17	עֲבָדֶ֔י	עֶבֶד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	15 שׁ֚וּב	obl	servants
18	ךָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	17 עֲבָדֶ֔י	nmod:poss	your
19	שִׁבְטֵ֖י	שֵׁבֶט	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	17 עֲבָדֶ֔י	appos	the tribes
20	נַחֲלָת	נַחֲלָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	19 שִׁבְטֵ֖י	compound:smixut	your inheritance
21	ֶֽךָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	20 נַחֲלָת	nmod:poss	your
22	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	21 ֶֽךָ	punct

Pragmatics

form: wh-question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no
indirect: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	who makes it happen (AA)
תַתְע do	yiqtol · hiphil	ֵנוּ you make us wander	יְהוָה O Yahweh
תַּקְשִׁיחַ do you harden?	yiqtol · hiphil	לִבּ heart	יְהוָה O Yahweh
שׁוּב return	imperative · qal	יְהוָה O Yahweh

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

לְמָה תְרַחֲקִינָנָא יְיָ לְמִטְעֵי מֵאוֹרְחָן דְתַקְנָן קֳדָמָךְ כְּעַמְמַיָא דְלֵית לְהוֹן חוּלַק בְּאוּלְפַן אוֹרַיְתָךְ לָא יִתְפְּנֵי לִבָּנָא מִדְחַלְתָּךְ אֲתֵיב שְׁכִנְתָּךְ לְעַמָךְ בְּדִיל עַבְדָךְ צַדִיקַיָא דְקַיֵמְתָּא לְהוֹן בְּמֵימְרָךְ לְמֶעְבַּד בֵּינֵיהוֹן שִׁבְטֵי אַחְסַנְתָּךְ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:1228.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.63.17/