Isaiah 7:16 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

Who acts: child, thou · What happens: know, refuse, choose, have, forsake · To what, where: evil, good, two kings, land

This is Isaiah 7:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — child, thou — and what happens in the verse to evil, good, two kings, land, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

כִּ֠י בְּטֶ֨רֶם יֵדַ֥ע הַנַּ֛עַר מָאֹ֥ס בָּרָ֖ע וּבָחֹ֣ר בַּטּ֑וֹב תֵּעָזֵ֤ב הָאֲדָמָה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אַתָּ֣ה קָ֔ץ מִפְּנֵ֖י שְׁנֵ֥י מְלָכֶֽיהָ׃

Yea, before the child shall know to refuse the evil, and choose the good, the land whose two kings thou hast a horror of shall be forsaken.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	כִּ֠י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	16 תֵּעָזֵ֤ב	mark	(dm)
2	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	3 טֶ֨רֶם	case	before
3	טֶ֨רֶם	טֶרֶם	ADV	_	4 יֵדַ֥ע	nmod
4	יֵדַ֥ע	יָדַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	16 תֵּעָזֵ֤ב	parataxis	he will know
5	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	6 נַּ֛עַר	det	the
6	נַּ֛עַר	נַעַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 יֵדַ֥ע	nsubj	lad
7	מָאֹ֥ס	מָאַס	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	4 יֵדַ֥ע	ccomp	to reject
8	בָּ	בְּ	ADP	_	10 רָ֖ע	case	(in)
9	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	10 רָ֖ע	det	the
10	רָ֖ע	רַע	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 מָאֹ֥ס	obl	evil
11	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	12 בָחֹ֣ר	cc	and
12	בָחֹ֣ר	בָּחַר	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	7 מָאֹ֥ס	conj	to choose
13	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	15 טּ֑וֹב	case	(in)
14	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	15 טּ֑וֹב	det	the
15	טּ֑וֹב	טוֹב	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	12 בָחֹ֣ר	obl	good
16	תֵּעָזֵ֤ב	עָזַב	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it will be forsaken
17	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	18 אֲדָמָה֙	det	the
18	אֲדָמָה֙	אֲדָמָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	16 תֵּעָזֵ֤ב	nsubj	land
19	אֲשֶׁ֣ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	21 קָ֔ץ	mark	which
20	אַתָּ֣ה	אַתָּה	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	21 קָ֔ץ	nsubj	you
21	קָ֔ץ	קוּץ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	18 אֲדָמָה֙	acl:relcl	[are] feeling dread
22	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	23 פְּנֵ֖י	case	of
23	פְּנֵ֖י	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 קָ֔ץ	obl
24	שְׁנֵ֥י	שְׁנַיִם	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Dual	25 מְלָכֶֽי	nummod	the two
25	מְלָכֶֽי	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	23 פְּנֵ֖י	compound:smixut	kings
26	הָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 מְלָכֶֽי	nmod:poss	its
27	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	26 הָ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יֵדַע he will know	yiqtol · qal	נַּעַר lad	מָאֹס to reject + בָחֹר to choose
מָאֹס to reject	infinitive absolute · qal	נַּעַר lad
בָחֹר to choose	infinitive absolute · qal	נַּעַר lad
תֵּעָזֵב it will be forsaken	yiqtol · niphal		אֲדָמָה land
קָץ [are] feeling dread	participle active · qal	אַתָּה you	אֲדָמָה land

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

אֲרֵי עַד לָא יְדַע עוּלֵימָא לְרָחָקָא בִישָׁא וּלְקָרָבָא טָבָא תִּתְרְטִישׁ אַרְעָא דִי אַתְּ מְעִיק מִן קֳדָם תְּרֵין מַלְכָּהָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Yea, before the child shall know to refuse the evil, and choose the good, the land whose two kings thou hast a horror of shall be forsaken.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:143.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.7.16/