Judges 1:1 שֹׁפְטִים

Who acts: IT, children, Joshua · What happens: come, pass, ask, say, go up, fight · To what, where: LORD · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Judges 1:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — IT, children, Joshua — and what happens in the verse to LORD, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיְהִ֗י אַחֲרֵי֙ מ֣וֹת יְהוֹשֻׁ֔עַ וַֽיִּשְׁאֲלוּ֙ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל בַּיהוָ֖ה לֵאמֹ֑ר מִ֣י יַעֲלֶה־לָּ֧נוּ אֶל־הַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֛י בַּתְּחִלָּ֖ה לְהִלָּ֥חֶם בּֽוֹ׃

AND IT came to pass after the death of Joshua, that the children of Israel asked the LORD, saying: 'Who shall go up for us first against the Canaanites, to fight against them?'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יְהִ֗י	cc	and
2	יְהִ֗י	הָיָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it was
3	אַחֲרֵי֙	אַחַר	ADP	_	4 מ֣וֹת	case	after
4	מ֣וֹת	מָוֶת	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יְהִ֗י	obl	the death
5	יְהוֹשֻׁ֔עַ	יְהֹושֻׁעַ	PROPN	_	4 מ֣וֹת	compound:smixut	of Joshua
6	וַֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	7 יִּשְׁאֲלוּ֙	cc	and
7	יִּשְׁאֲלוּ֙	שָׁאַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יְהִ֗י	conj	they enquired
8	בְּנֵ֣י	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	7 יִּשְׁאֲלוּ֙	nsubj	the people
9	יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	8 בְּנֵ֣י	compound:smixut	of Israel
10	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	11 יהוָ֖ה	case	by
11	יהוָ֖ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	7 יִּשְׁאֲלוּ֙	obl	Yahweh
12	לֵ	לְ	ADP	ExtPos=SCONJ	15 יַעֲלֶה־	mark	(cmp)
13	אמֹ֑ר	אָמַר	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	12 לֵ	fixed
14	מִ֣י	מִי	PRON	PronType=Int	15 יַעֲלֶה־	nsubj	who?
15	יַעֲלֶה־	עָלָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	7 יִּשְׁאֲלוּ֙	ccomp	will he go up
16	לּ	לְ	ADP	_	17 ָ֧נוּ	case	for
17	ָ֧נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	15 יַעֲלֶה־	obl	us
18	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	20 כְּנַעֲנִ֛י	case	against
19	הַֽ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	20 כְּנַעֲנִ֛י	det	the
20	כְּנַעֲנִ֛י	כְּנַעֲנִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 יַעֲלֶה־	obl	Canaanite[s]
21	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	23 תְּחִלָּ֖ה	case	at
22	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	23 תְּחִלָּ֖ה	det	the
23	תְּחִלָּ֖ה	תְּחִלָּה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	15 יַעֲלֶה־	obl	first
24	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	25 הִלָּ֥חֶם	case	to
25	הִלָּ֥חֶם	לָחַם	VERB	HebBinyan=NIPHAL	15 יַעֲלֶה־	advcl	engage in battle
26	בּ	בְּ	ADP	_	27 ֽוֹ	case	against
27	ֽוֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 הִלָּ֥חֶם	obl	him
28	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	27 ֽוֹ	punct

Pragmatics

form: wh-question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
יִּשְׁאֲלוּ they enquired	wayyiqtol · qal	בְּנֵי the people
אמֹר	infinitive construct · qal	בְּנֵי the people
יַעֲלֶה־ will he go up	yiqtol · qal	מִי who?
הִלָּחֶם engage in battle	infinitive construct · niphal	מִי who?

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַהֲוָה בָּתַר דְמִית יְהוֹשֻׁעַ וּשְׁאִילוּ בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל בְּמֵימְרָא דַייָ לְמֵימַר מַן יִסַק לָנָא לְוַת כְּנַעֲנָאָה בְּקַדְמֵיתָא לְאַגָחָא קְרָבָא בֵּיהּ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

AND IT came to pass after the death of Joshua, that the children of Israel asked the LORD, saying: 'Who shall go up for us first against the Canaanites, to fight against them?'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JDG:0.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.1.1/