Judges 10:18 שֹׁפְטִים

Who acts: people, man · What happens: say, be, begin, fight · To what, where: one, another, man, head, inhabitants · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Judges 10:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — people, man — and what happens in the verse to one, another, man, head, inhabitants, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּאמְר֨וּ הָעָ֜ם שָׂרֵ֤י גִלְעָד֙ אִ֣ישׁ אֶל־רֵעֵ֔הוּ מִ֣י הָאִ֔ישׁ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יָחֵ֔ל לְהִלָּחֵ֖ם בִּבְנֵ֣י עַמּ֑וֹן יִֽהְיֶ֣ה לְרֹ֔אשׁ לְכֹ֖ל יֹשְׁבֵ֥י גִלְעָֽד׃פ

And the people, the princes of Gilead, said one to another: 'What man is he that will begin to fight against the children of Ammon? he shall be head over all the inhabitants of Gilead.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּאמְר֨וּ	cc	and
2	יֹּאמְר֨וּ	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they said
3	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	4 עָ֜ם	det	the
4	עָ֜ם	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יֹּאמְר֨וּ	nsubj	people
5	שָׂרֵ֤י	שַׂר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	4 עָ֜ם	appos	the leaders
6	גִלְעָד֙	גִּלְעָד	PROPN	_	5 שָׂרֵ֤י	compound:smixut	of Gilead
7	אִ֣ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יֹּאמְר֨וּ	obl	each
8	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	9 רֵע	case	to
9	רֵע	רֵעַ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 אִ֣ישׁ	nmod	neighbor
10	ֵ֔הוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 רֵע	nmod:poss	his
11	מִ֣י	מִי	PRON	PronType=Int	2 יֹּאמְר֨וּ	ccomp	who?
12	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	13 אִ֔ישׁ	det	[is] the
13	אִ֔ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 מִ֣י	nsubj	man
14	אֲשֶׁ֣ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	15 יָחֵ֔ל	mark	who
15	יָחֵ֔ל	חָלַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	13 אִ֔ישׁ	acl:relcl	he will begin
16	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	17 הִלָּחֵ֖ם	case	to
17	הִלָּחֵ֖ם	לָחַם	VERB	HebBinyan=NIPHAL	15 יָחֵ֔ל	xcomp	fight
18	בִּ	בְּ	ADP	_	19 בְנֵ֣י	case	against
19	בְנֵ֣י	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	17 הִלָּחֵ֖ם	obl	the people
20	עַמּ֑וֹן	עַמּוֹן	PROPN	_	19 בְנֵ֣י	compound:smixut	of Ammon
21	יִֽהְיֶ֣ה	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	23 רֹ֔אשׁ	cop	he will become
22	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	23 רֹ֔אשׁ	case	(into)
23	רֹ֔אשׁ	רֹאשׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 מִ֣י	parataxis	chief
24	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	25 כֹ֖ל	case	of
25	כֹ֖ל	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	23 רֹ֔אשׁ	obl	all
26	יֹשְׁבֵ֥י	יָשַׁב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	25 כֹ֖ל	compound:smixut	the inhabitants
27	גִלְעָֽד	גִּלְעָד	PROPN	_	26 יֹשְׁבֵ֥י	compound:smixut	of Gilead
28	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	27 גִלְעָֽד	punct
29	פ	פ	PUNCT	_	27 גִלְעָֽד	punct

Pragmatics

form: wh-question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
יֹּאמְרוּ they said	wayyiqtol · qal	עָם people
יָחֵל he will begin	yiqtol · hiphil	אִישׁ man
הִלָּחֵם fight	infinitive construct · niphal	אִישׁ man
יִֽהְיֶה he will become	yiqtol · qal	אִישׁ man

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲמַרוּ עַמָא רַבְרְבֵי גִלְעָד גְבַר לְחַבְרֵיהּ מַן גַבְרָא דְיִשְׁרֵי לְאַגָחָא קְרָבָא בִּבְנֵי עַמוֹן יְהֵי לְרֵישׁ לְכֹל יַתְבֵי גִלְעָד:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And the people, the princes of Gilead, said one to another: 'What man is he that will begin to fight against the children of Ammon? he shall be head over all the inhabitants of Gilead.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JDG:319.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.10.18/