Judges 20:32 שֹׁפְטִים

Who acts: children, us · What happens: say, smite down, let, flee, draw away · To what, where: children, us, city · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Judges 20:32 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — children, us — and what happens in the verse to children, us, city, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּֽאמְרוּ֙ בְּנֵ֣י בִנְיָמִ֔ן נִגָּפִ֥ים הֵ֛ם לְפָנֵ֖ינוּ כְּבָרִאשֹׁנָ֑ה וּבְנֵ֧י יִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל אָמְר֗וּ נָנ֙וּסָה֙ וּֽנְתַקְּנֻ֔הוּ מִן־הָעִ֖יר אֶל־הַֽמְסִלּֽוֹת׃

And the children of Benjamin said: 'They are smitten down before us, as at the first.' But the children of Israel said: 'Let us flee, and draw them away from the city unto the highways.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּֽאמְרוּ֙	cc	and
2	יֹּֽאמְרוּ֙	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they said
3	בְּנֵ֣י	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 יֹּֽאמְרוּ֙	nsubj	the descendants
4	בִנְיָמִ֔ן	בִּנְיָמִן	PROPN	_	3 בְּנֵ֣י	compound:smixut	of Benjamin
5	נִגָּפִ֥ים	נָגַף	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Plur	2 יֹּֽאמְרוּ֙	ccomp	[are] defeated
6	הֵ֛ם	הֵם	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 נִגָּפִ֥ים	nsubj	they
7	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	8 פָנֵ֖י	case	before
8	פָנֵ֖י	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 נִגָּפִ֥ים	obl
9	נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	8 פָנֵ֖י	nmod:poss	us
10	כְּ	כְּ	ADP	_	13 רִאשֹׁנָ֑ה	case	as
11	בָ	בְּ	ADP	_	13 רִאשֹׁנָ֑ה	case	at
12	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	13 רִאשֹׁנָ֑ה	det	the former
13	רִאשֹׁנָ֑ה	רִאשׁוֹן	ADJ	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	5 נִגָּפִ֥ים	obl	[time]
14	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	17 אָמְר֗וּ	cc	and
15	בְנֵ֧י	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	17 אָמְר֗וּ	nsubj	the people
16	יִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	15 בְנֵ֧י	compound:smixut	of Israel
17	אָמְר֗וּ	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	5 נִגָּפִ֥ים	conj	they said
18	נָנ֙וּסָה֙	נוּס	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=1	17 אָמְר֗וּ	ccomp	let us flee
19	וּֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	20 נְתַקְּנֻ֔	cc	and
20	נְתַקְּנֻ֔	נָתַק	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=1	18 נָנ֙וּסָה֙	conj	we
21	הוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 נְתַקְּנֻ֔	obj	will draw him away
22	מִן־	מִן	ADP	_	24 עִ֖יר	case	from
23	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	24 עִ֖יר	det	the
24	עִ֖יר	עִיר	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	20 נְתַקְּנֻ֔	obl	city
25	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	27 מְסִלּֽוֹת	case	to
26	הַֽ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	27 מְסִלּֽוֹת	det	the
27	מְסִלּֽוֹת	מְסִלָּה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	20 נְתַקְּנֻ֔	obl	highways
28	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	27 מְסִלּֽוֹת	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יֹּֽאמְרוּ they said	wayyiqtol · qal	בְּנֵי the descendants
נִגָּפִים [are] defeated	participle active · niphal		הֵם they
אָמְרוּ they said	qatal · qal	בְנֵי the people
נָנוּסָה let us flee	cohortative · qal	בְנֵי the people
נְתַקְּנֻ we	weqatal · qal	בְנֵי the people	הוּ will draw him away

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲמַרוּ בְּנֵי בִּנְיָמִין תְּבִירִין אִנוּן קֳדָמָנָא כִּדְבְּקַדְמֵיתָא וּבְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל אֲמַרוּ נְפַךְ וְנִגוֹדִנּוּן מִן קַרְתָּא לְכִבְשַׁיָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And the children of Benjamin said: 'They are smitten down before us, as at the first.' But the children of Israel said: 'Let us flee, and draw them away from the city unto the highways.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JDG:576.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.20.32/